Table 2.
Comparison of behavioral modelsa
| Model | Description | Model parameters | ΔAIC mean (t statistic) | ΔBIC mean (t statistic) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pure RL | RL model with fixed learning rates | 3 | 711.62 (26.68) | 691.46 (26.03) |
| Hybrid RL | RL model (above) with additional win-stay/lose-stay heuristics | 6 | 377.45 (23.83) | 372.42 (23.5) |
| Pure Bayes | Bayesian model with adaptive, context-dependent learning | 5 | 120.57 (12.68) | 110.50 (11.65) |
| Hybrid Bayes | Bayesian model (above) with additional win-stay/lose-stay heuristics | 7 | NA | NA |
| Heuristic 1 | Heuristic model using win-stay/lose-stay strategies | 3 | 1318.90 (29.71) | 1298.73 (29.33) |
| Heuristic 2 | Heuristic model that always switches for large errors and switches for small errors if the same target is consistently rewarded | 3 | 5026.12 (19.55) | 5005.95 (19.48) |
aΔAIC and ΔBIC are computed relative to the hybrid Bayesian model as the standard model; positive differences indicate that the respective model is a worse match to observed data than the hybrid Bayes model. p < 0.001 for each pairwise t test comparison (H0: mean Δ = 0).