Table 4. Effects of pharmacologic agents in prevention of diving disorders in human studies; ATA − atmospheres absolute pressure; LoE − level of evidence; n − number; OW(HL) − open water (hydro lab); PC − pressure chamber; Vit − vitamin .
| Reference | n | Drug | Control | Pressure (ATA) | Bottom time | Location | Blinded | Outcome | Results | LoE |
| 35 | 116 | Pseudoephedrine | Placebo | 2.2 | Several dives | PC | Yes | Otologic symptoms | Lower TEED score, less discomfort and blockage | Ib |
| 39 | 15 | Vitamin C and E | Placebo | 1.4 | 30 min | OW | Yes | Eustachian tube function | No difference | Ib |
| 38 | 10 | Vitamin C and E tea catechins | None | 41 | 30 days | PC | No | Oxidative stress (liver function) | Less oxidative stress | IIb |
| 36 | 6 | Vitamin C and E | Placebo | 4.0 | 36 min | OW | Yes | Endothelial/cardiac function | Reversal of brachial artery endothelial dysfunction | Ib |
| 37 | 16 | Statins | Placebo | 2.8 | 80 min | PC | Yes | Bubble formation | No difference | Ib |