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. 2019 Aug 21;9:12156. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48585-4

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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A working model for how shootins mediate collective cell migration and organogenesis of the zebrafish posterior lateral line system. (a) A model for shootin-mediated collective cell migration and organogenesis of the zebrafish posterior lateral line system. Shootins mediate PLLP migration through its interaction with F-actin at the leading edge of the leader cells. Shootins promote cell proliferation in the PLLP, thereby positively regulating the number of neuromasts and the number of cells in the deposited neuromasts. (b) A mechanistic model for shootin1-mediated zebrafish PLLP migration. F-actins polymerize at the filopodia and lamellipodia of PLLP leading cells and depolymerize proximally, thereby inducing retrograde flow of F-actins (red arrow). Shootin1 couples mechanically the F-actin retrograde flow and extracellular adhesive substrates, thereby transmitting the force of F-actin flow (red arrow) to the substrates as a traction force (white arrow)^31,32,34. The driving force for PLLP migration (blue arrow) is produced as a counterforce to the traction forces exerted on the extracellular substrates (white arrow).