Table 1.

Trial list and patient demographics

Trial agent	Efalizumab [13]	Alefacept [14]	Etanercept [15]	Etanercept [16]	Tofacitinib [20]	Tofacitinib [21]
NCT number	NCT00602823	NCT00422617	NCT00245960	NCT00663052	NCT01276639	NCT01815424
Mode of action	CD11a	Fusion CD2/T cell	Fusion/receptor TNF	Fusion/receptor TNF	JAK	JAK
Acronym			PRESTA	PRISTINE
Definition of moderate-to-severe psoriasis	PASI ≥ 12 and BSA ≥ 10%	PASI ≥ 12 and BSA ≥ 10%	GA score ≥ 3 and BSA ≥ 10%	PASI ≥ 10 and BSA ≥ 10%	PASI ≥ 12, PGA score ≥ 3, and BSA ≥ 10%	PASI ≥ 12, PGA score ≥ 3, and BSA ≥ 10%
Intervention	Efalizumab 1 mg/kg once QW	Alefacept 15 mg QW	Etanercept 50 mg BIW or QW for 12 weeks, then QW for 12 weeks	Etanercept 50 mg BIW or QW for 12 weeks, then QW for 12 weeks	Tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg or placebo BIW. Placebo arm was re-randomized to receive tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg BID at week 16	Tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg or placebo BIW. Placebo arm was re-randomized to receive tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg BID at week 16
Duration of treatment	12 weeks, with 12-week treatment-free follow-up	12 weeks, with 12-week treatment-free follow-up	12-week double-blind period and 12-week open-label period, with 2-week follow-up	12-week double-blind period and 12-week open-label period, with 2-week follow-up	52 weeks and open-label extension up to 5 years	52 weeks
Age, mean ± SD	56.2 ± 12.2	50.6 ± 13.3	50.7 ± 15.2	45.9 ± 9.3	43.3 ± 12.2	40.5 ± 12.2
Weight (kg), mean ± SD	70.7 ± 12.7	74.6 ± 13.2	73.7 ± 19.7	74.6 ± 11.7	77.7 ± 16.6	70.6 ± 14.4
Duration since diagnosis (years), mean ± SD	2.5 ± 2.8	2.0 ± 2.1	1.6 ± 2.3	2.8 ± 2.1	5.6 ± 2.9	3.8 ± 2.8
Biologic naive, n (%)	25 (100.0%)	8 (57.1%)	11 (73.3%)	14 (87.5%)	14 (54.8%)	12 (85.7%)
Baseline PASI, mean ± SD	27.2 ± 12.6	19.9 ± 11.4	23.6 ± 12.8	23.6 ± 8.1	21.1 ± 9.1	26.2 ± 12.9

Trial agent	Ixekizumab [22]	Secukinumab [18]	Secukinumab and ustekinumab [19]	Ustekinumab [17]	Ustekinumab and guselkumab [23]	Pooled
NCT number	NCT02513550	NCT01365455, NCT01544595	NCT02074982	NCT00747344	NCT02203032
Mode of action	IL17	IL17	Secukinumab: IL17; ustekinumab: IL12/IL23	IL12/IL23	Ustekinumab: IL12/IL23; guselkumab: IL23
Acronym	IXORA-P	ERASURE	CLEAR	PEARL	NAVIGATE
Definition of moderate-to-severe psoriasis	PASI ≥ 12 and PGA score ≥ 3	PASI ≥ 12, PGA score ≥ 3, and BSA ≥ 10%	PASI ≥ 12, PGA score ≥ 3, and BSA ≥ 10%	PASI ≥ 12 and BSA ≥ 10%	PASI ≥ 12, PGA score ≥ 3, and BSA ≥ 10%
Intervention	Ixekizumab 80 mg Q2W or Q4W	Secukinumab 300 mg or 150 mg QW for 4 weeks, then monthly until week 48	Secukinumab 300 mg QW for 4 weeks, then Q4W until week 48. Ustekinumab 45 or 90 mg at week 0, 4, 16, 28, 40	Ustekinumab 45 mg at weeks 0, 4, 16 or placebo at weeks 0, 4 and ustekinumab 45 mg at weeks 12, 16	Ustekinumab 45 or 90 mg at weeks 0, 4. Guselkumab 100 mg at weeks 16, 20, 28, 36, 44 or ustekinumab 45 or 90 mg at weeks 16, 28, 40
Duration of treatment	52 weeks	12-week induction period and 40-week maintenance period, with 8-week follow-up	2 years for secukinumab arm and 1 year for ustekinumab arm	12-week placebo-controlled period, with follow-up until week 36	16-week open-label period and 28-week randomized period, with 16-week follow-up
Age, mean ± SD	47.4 ± 10.4	27.4 ± 12.1	48.7 ± 17.1	53.0 ± 12.4	43.4 ± 12.2	48.6 ± 13.3
Weight (kg), mean ± SD	93.9 ± 20.8	80.2 ± 17.0	72.5 ± 16.5	77.3 ± 14.7	75.6 ± 12.4	76.6 ± 16.6
Duration since diagnosis (years), mean ± SD	4.7 ± 4.0	6.9 ± 3.8	5.0 ± 2.4	2.8 ± 2.6	4.9 ± 3.2	4.1 ± 3.3
Biologic naive, n (%)	10 (66.7%)	21 (61.8%)	14 (58.3%)	22 (73.3%)	6 (42.9%)	160 (69.0%)
Baseline PASI, mean ± SD	24.8 ± 11.4	23.1 ± 8.5	20.9 ± 8.3	23.9 ± 10.2	23.3 ± 11.1	23.3 ± 10.3

Clinical demographics of the trials that are included in this study and pooled data are arranged by mode of action. Key inclusion criteria, intervention agent, and duration of each trial were provided

NCT number clinicaltrials.gov identifier, PASI psoriasis area and severity index, TNF tumor necrosis factor, JAK Janus kinase