CT acts on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to regulate proliferation and apoptosis of IL-1β-injured rat chondrocytes. IL-1β (10 ng/ml)-injured cells were treated with CT (10 and 50 nM), IWR-1-endo (5 µM), or CT (50 nM) + IWR-1-endo (5 µM). (A) Cell proliferation at 24 h and (B) apoptosis at 48 h were assessed using a cell counting kit-8 assay and Annexin V/PI staining, respectively. (C) After 48 h of treatment, the activity of cleaved-caspase 3 in cell supernatant was detected using a Caspase-3 Colorimetric Assay kit and protein levels of cleaved-caspase 3 within cells was detected by western blot analysis. (D) Ratio of Bax/Bcl2 was assessed via western blot analysis. GAPDH was used as a loading control. **P<0.01 vs. Normal group; #P<0.05 and ##P<0.01 vs. IL-1β group; &&P<0.01 vs. IL-1β + CT (50 nM); $$P<0.01 vs. IL-1β + IWR-1-endo. CT, calcitonin; IL-1β, interleukin-1β.