Table 1.

Gene Ontology (GO) categories enriched in the set of genes commonly up-regulated (Direction of expression: up) or down-regulated (Direction of expression: down) between DS1 and DS5 in all four species studied

Direction of expression	GO category	term	ontology	BH adj. p-value
up	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	BP	2.1e-09
	GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	MF	1.8e-08
	GO:0016747	transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups	MF	0.0039
	GO:0006633	fatty acid biosynthetic process	BP	0.0236
	GO:0055085	transmembrane transport	BP	0.0236
down	GO:0005840	ribosome	CC	7.6e-58
	GO:0003735	structural constituent of ribosome	MF	7.7e-57
	GO:0006412	translation	BP	3.5e-56
	GO:0005622	intracellular	CC	5.3e-32
	GO:0005634	nucleus	CC	1.7e-14
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	MF	1.7e-14
	GO:0008017	microtubule binding	MF	5.6e-11
	GO:0000786	nucleosome	CC	2.3e-10
	GO:0005871	kinesin complex	CC	4.1e-09
	GO:0006260	DNA replication	BP	6.7e-09
	GO:0003777	microtubule motor activity	MF	7.2-09
	GO:0007018	microtubule-based movement	BP	7.2e-09
	GO:0032502	developmental process	BP	2.0e-07
	GO:0004518	nuclease activity	MF	0.0010
	GO:0007076	mitotic chromosome condensation	BP	0.0019
	GO:0006351	transcription, DNA-templated	BP	0.0049
	GO:0030915	Smc5-Smc6 complex	CC	0.0054
	GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	BP	0.0112
	GO:0006303	double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	BP	0.0160
	GO:0015934	large ribosomal subunit	CC	0.0212

Ontology category abbreviations: BP = biological process, MF = molecular function, CC = cellular component. A GO category was deemed enriched relative to all annotated genes in the Aquilegia reference transcriptome if the p-value adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) method was less than 0.05