Table 3.

Gene Ontology (GO) categories enriched in the set of genes commonly differentially expressed between all three of the spurred taxa in this study versus A. ecalcarata at each developmental stage (DS)

DS	GO category	term	ontology	BH adj. p-value
Genes expressed more highly in A. ecalcarata
1	GO:0020037	heme binding	MF	7.3-08
	GO:0005506	iron ion binding	MF	9.0e-06
	GO:0016705	oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen	MF	1.0e-05
	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	BP	1.0e-05
	GO:0043531	ADP binding	MF	0.0061
	GO:0009765	photosynthesis, light harvesting	BP	0.0084
2	GO:0046983	protein dimerization activity	MF	0.0027
	GO:0020037	heme binding	MF	0.0043
	GO:0016705	oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen	MF	0.0076
	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	BP	0.0085
	GO:0005506	iron ion binding	MF	0.0085
3	GO:0020037	heme binding	MF	0.0007
	GO:0016705	oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen	MF	0.0008
	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	BP	0.0008
	GO:0005506	iron ion binding	MF	0.0010
4	GO:0020037	heme binding	MF	0.0100
	GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	BP	0.0100
5	GO:0055085	transmembrane transport	BP	3.7e-05
	GO:0042626	ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances	MF	0.0003
	GO:0008152	metabolic process	BP	0.0045
	GO:0006810	transport	BP	0.0046
Genes expressed more highly in spurred taxa
2	GO:0043531	ADP binding	MF	0.0289
4	GO:0043531	ADP binding	MF	0.0041
5	GO:0005871	kinesin complex	CC	9.4e-11
	GO:0003777	microtubule motor activity	MF	9.4e-11
	GO:0007018	microtubule-based movement	BP	9.4e-11
	GO:0008017	microtubule binding	MF	9.4e-11
	GO:0006260	DNA replication	BP	3.1e-10
	GO:0003677	DNA binding	MF	1.4e-05
	GO:0000786	nucleosome	CC	2.1e-05
	GO:0007076	mitotic chromosome condensation	BP	0.0036
	GO:0009765	photosynthesis, light harvesting	BP	0.0093

GO enrichment for genes more highly expressed in A. ecalcarata are presented in the upper part of the table while GO enrichment of genes more highly expressed in the spurred species are presented in the lower part of the table. Ontology category abbreviations - BP : biological process, MF : molecular function, CC : cellular component. A GO category was deemed enriched relative to all annotated genes in the Aquilegia reference transcriptome if the p-value adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) method was less than 0.05