Proposed input circuitry to cSIFE. A, The diagram shows a proposed input circuitry to cSIFE. Early visual processing is separated into ON and OFF pathways, here shown as half-wave rectification. The ON and OFF inputs are then either subjected to temporal HP or LP filtering followed by subtraction of the opposite contrast from a neighboring unit (“−”, only one polarity shown here). The HP filtered output leads to excitatory responses in cSIFE (red), whereas the subtracted output leads to inhibition (blue). The cSIFE axon crosses the visual midline where it may interact with other LPTCs, such as HSN. B, The response of cSIFE to 0–5 Hz sinusoidal gratings (6° wavelength). The data are replotted from Figure 3A.