Table 6.

Training-related increases and decreases in the dual n-back task from the dual-task contrast [dual 2-back − (visual single 2-back + auditory single 2-back)]

	Side	Area	Location	BA	Talairach coordinates			t	CS
					x	y	z
Training group
Decreases	L	Frontal	Inferior frontal gyrus	45	−53	26	17	4.22	40
			Middle frontal gyrus	8	−45	16	42	5.38	73
			Superior frontal gyrus	8/	−18	39	45	6.34	165
				10	−12	64	14	6.25	49
	L	Parietal	Precuneus	19	−33	−66	43	6.09	256
	L	Basal	Striatum		−9	19	−6	7.22	130
	R	Cerebellum			39	−81	−33	4.83	24
Increases	R	Frontal	Inferior frontal gyrus	44	56	17	12	5.12	86
	R	Parietal	Inferior parietal lobule	40	65	−43	24	5.46	68
Active control group
Decreases	L	Frontal	Middle frontal gyrus	8	−42	10	44	5.45	38
			Medial frontal gyrus	10	−15	31	−8	6.49	144
	L	Parietal	Precuneus	19	−27	−77	−37	8.00	29
	L	Temporal	Superior temporal gyrus	22	−59	−58	18	6.73	201
	L	Basal	Striatum		−12	22	−6	6.41	38
Increases	R	Frontal	Middle frontal gyrus	11	21	24	−13	5.62	39
	R	Parietal	Supramarginal gyrus	40	59	−46	36	6.84	144
	R	Temporal	Middle temporal gyrus	37	59	−62	5	5.05	34
Passive control group
Decreases	L	Frontal	Inferior frontal gyrus	13	−45	26	10	4.84	78
			Precentral gyrus	4/	−36	−22	52	5.88	71
				44	−50	11	6	4.09	36
			Middle frontal gyrus	6	−24	7	46	5.24	123
	L	Temporal	Middle temporal gyrus	39	−48	−73	17	5.25	58
	L	Occipital	Inferior occipital gyrus	18	−36	−94	−6	7.51	43
	L	Basal	Striatum		−15	25	−5	5.13	67
Increases	R	Frontal	Middle frontal gyrus	46	45	38	25	4.34	32
			Superior frontal gyrus	10	24	57	6	6.10	56
	R	Temporal	Middle temporal gyrus	39	48	−72	25	8.00	932

AlphaSim correction p < 0.001, cluster size >22.

R, Right; L, left; BA, Brodmann area.