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. 2018 Mar 7;38(10):2631–2651. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1995-17.2018

Table 4.

Neural correlates of the expected cost of mental effort for the chosen option revealed by using GLM3

Area Left, right, bilateral Cluster
 Peak (T) MNI coordinates (mm)
Size p(FWE) x y z
A, Experiment 1
     Positive correlation
        MFG Right 307 <0.001 5.4 33 44 1
        dmFC/ACC Bilateral 128 0.016 5.2 0 14 49
     Negative correlation
        Rostromedial PFC Bilateral 200 0.002 6.0 −9 53 16
        vmPFC/striatum Bilateral 322 <0.001 6.6 −9 17 −11
        Primary motor cortex/primary somatosensory cortex Right 112 0.026 5.7 42 −22 64
        Temporal lobe/inferior occipital gyrus Right 341 <0.001 5.2 69 −37 13
        Precuneus Left 178 0.004 4.9 −3 −61 13
        middle occipital gyrus/temporal lobe/parietal operculum Left 1335 0.000 6.6 −48 −79 28
B, Experiment 2
     Positive correlation
        aMFG/orbitofrontal cortex Right 342 <0.001 7.4 24 47 −11
        aMFG Left 101 0.024 7.3 −33 44 4
        Anterior insula Left 85 0.044 5.5 −27 23 4
        Anterior insula Right 136 0.007 10.8 33 20 4
        Superior frontal gyrus/dmFC/dACC Bilateral 408 <0.001 8.1 24 8 67
        Inferior parietal lobule Right 177 0.002 5.4 48 −49 55
        Cerebellum Left 129 0.009 7.0 −21 −61 −41
     Negative correlation
        vmPFCa Left 5 0.955 4.2 −3 56 −5
        vmPFCa Left 13 0.795 4.5 −3 35 −20
        Striatuma Bilateral 35 0.340 5.0 0 5 −8
        Middle occipital gyrusa Left 6 0.940 5.0 −30 −88 37
C, Conjunction analysis
     Positive correlation (strict maskb)
        aMFG Right 163 0.009 5.3 42 41 22
        dmFC/dACCc Bilateral 74 0.109 5.5 3 20 46
     Negative correlation (relaxed maskd)
        vmPFC Bilateral 116 0.031 4.7 −6 35 −17

Configurations are the same as those in Table 2, except that GLM3 was used and C corresponds to Figure 9C.

aVoxel-level uncorrected p < 0.001 and voxel size ≥5.

bA binary mask consisting of common voxels at cluster-level FWE corrected p < 0.05 and voxel-level uncorrected p < 0.001.

cCluster-level uncorrected p < 0.05 and voxel-level uncorrected p < 0.001; with a binary mask consisting of common voxels at cluster-level FWE corrected p < 0.05 and voxel-level uncorrected p < 0.001.

dA binary mask consisting of common voxels at voxel-level uncorrected p < 0.01.