Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Aug 22.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Metab. 2018 Feb 15;27(3):559–571.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.005

Figure 1. Reduced Carbohydrate Consumption Improves Liver Lipid Metabolism and Reduces Inflammation in Obese Subjects with NAFLD.

Figure 1.

(A) Percentage of energy from carbohydrate, protein, and fat at baseline (inner circle) and during the 14-day dietary intervention (outer circle).

(B) Study design indicating time points used in the multi-omics analysis. D, day.

(C–E) Boxplots (with median) and individual data showing (C) weight changes across the study period, (D) changes in body composition between day 0 and day 14, and (E) liver fat changes across the study period.

(F–I) Boxplots (with median) showing (F) plasma concentrations of VLDL-triglycerides (TG) (n = 10), (G) plasma concentrations of apoC-III (n = 10), (H) DNL(n = 9), and (I) plasma concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate (n = 10) at days 0, 3, and 14.

(J) Heatmap showing statistically significant reductions in inflammatory markers and FGF-21 over the study period (FDR < 0.05; n = 10). Post hoc group comparisons (D0 versus D3 and D0 versus D14) were performed by paired t test with Bonferroni correction. *p < 0.05; +p < 0.01; #p < 0.001. p or FDR values across time were obtained by one-way ANOVA with repeated measurements.

See also Figures S1 and S2 and Table S1.