Table 1.
Cross-sectional demographic and clinical characteristics, and gait performance of the Gait and Brain participants included in this study.
| Demographics | Full sample N = 43 | Non-Fallers N = 26 | Fallers N = 17 | p value | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 74.5 ± 5.9 [63–87] | 74.2 ± 5.9 [63–84] | 75 ± 6.1 [66–87] | 0.41 | – |
| Sex, # of females (%) | 18 (41.9%) | 12 (46.2%) | 6 (35.3%) | 0.52 | – |
| BMI | 26 ± 4.1 [19–36] | 25.2 ± 4 [19–33] | 27.2 ± 4.1 [21–36] | 0.35 | – |
| Years of Education | 13.3 ± 2.6 [8–20] | 13.3 ± 1.9 [10–18] | 13.3 ± 3.4 [8–20] | 0.93 | – |
| Cognitive performance | |||||
| MMSE | 27.4 ± 2.5 [20−30] | 26.7 ± 2.7 [20–30] | 28.5 ± 1.7 [24–30] | 0.30 | – |
| MoCA | 23.7 ± 3.7 [12−30] | 23.3 ± 4.1 [12–30] | 24.2 ± 3.1 [19–29] | 0.58 | – |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Number of Comorbidities | 5.7 ± 2.8 [0−13] | 5.6 ± 3.4 [0–13] | 5.8 ± 2.5 [0−11] | 0.87 | – |
| hypertension | 21 (48.8%) | 14 (53.8%) | 7 (41.2%) | 0.53 | – |
| Diabetes | 7 (16.3%) | 4 (15.4%) | 3 (17.6%) | 0.68 | – |
| Osteoporosis | 7 (16.3%) | 4 (15.4%) | 3 (17.6%) | 0.68 | – |
| Chronic Lung Disease | 3 (7%) | 3 (11.5%) | 0 (0%) | 0.54 | – |
| Osteoarthritis | 13 (30.2%) | 7 (26.9%) | 6 (35.3%) | 0.74 | – |
| Cancer | 15 (34.9%) | 11 (42.3%) | 4 (23.5%) | 0.19 | – |
| Hearing Problems | 19 (44.2%) | 11 (42.3%) | 8 (47.1%) | 1.00 | – |
| Depression | 12 (27.9%) | 7 (26.9%) | 5 (29.4%) | 0.72 | – |
| Stroke | 3 (7%) | 1 (3.8%) | 2 (11.8%) | 0.28 | – |
| Visual Impairment | 40 (93%) | 24 (92.3%) | 16 (94.1%) | 1.00 | – |
| CHF/MI/Angina | 2 (4.7%) | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1.00 | – |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 (4.7%) | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1.00 | – |
| WMH | |||||
| Volume of WMH (mL) | 12.3 ± 3.0 | 11.8 ± 2.0 | 13.2 ± 4.3 | 0.437 | 0.28 |
| Quantitative Gait | |||||
| Usual Gait Velocity (mean ± SD) cm/s | 108.2 ± 21.3 [57–165] | 109.6 ± 19.8 [66–151] | 106 ± 23.8 [57–165] | 0.26 | 0.09 |
| Counting gait velocity cm/s | 103.9 ± 26.8 [44–177] | 105.5 ± 26.4 [61–167] | 101.3 ± 28 [44–177] | 0.20 | 0.03 |
| Serial 7 s velocity cm/s | 90.5 ± 30.8 [37–181] | 89.7 ± 31.2 [37–168] | 91.7 ± 31.3 [39–181] | 0.59 | 0.16 |
| Naming animals velocity cm/s | 92.7 ± 27.9 [35–170] | 90.5 ± 28.7 [49–170] | 96.1 ± 27.1 [35–163] | 0.73 | 0.38 |
* indicates p value was obtained by running ANCOVA using age, sex, BMI, years of education and MMSE scores as confounding variables of no interest. Mean ± standard deviation where applicable; (% of N listed at top of column); [range: minimum to maximum].