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. 2019 Aug 22;9:12277. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48794-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Tumor-promoting activity of macrophages is mediated through IL-1β. Primary mouse macrophages primed by LPS (100 ng/ml) were stimulated with ATP (5 mM) for 1 hr in the presence of isotype control IgG or anti-IL-1β antibody (10 μg/ml). Conditioned culture supernatants were collected and added to the bottom chambers of transwells which had B16F10 cells plated in the upper chamber. After 24 hr, cell migration and invasion were determined. (A) Images of B16F10 cell migration. (B) The number of migrating B16F10 cells was counted in the microscopic field. (C) Images of B16F10 cell invasion. (D) The number of invading B16F10 cells was counted in the microscopic field. Values are means ± SEM (n = 5). *p < 0.05.