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. 2019 Aug 21;4(4):e00206-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00206-19

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Copyright © 2019 Weil et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

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FIG 6 — IL-23 secretion from differentiated THP-1 cells after stimulation with live V. cholerae is partially recapitulated using forskolin, which induces cAMP activity. IL-23 secretion was measured in response to live V. cholerae N16961 (Live), live V. cholerae ΔctxAB JBK70 (Live ΔVC), live V. cholerae ΔctxAB JBK70 with forskolin (Live ΔVC+forskolin), live V. cholerae ΔctxAB JBK70 with multiple-mutation cholera toxin (Live ΔVC+mmCT), live V. cholerae ΔctxAB JBK70 with cholera toxin B (Live ΔVC+CTB), live V. cholerae ΔctxAB JBK70 with cholera toxin B and forskolin (Live ΔVC+CTB+forskolin), and live V. cholerae ΔctxAB JBK70 with mmCT and forskolin (Live ΔVC+mmCT+forskolin). Each point represents the mean of results from three technical replicates from a single experiment, while the horizontal bars represent mean values across multiple biological replications of the cell culture stimulation experiment. Error bars represent standard errors of the means. IL-23 secretion was determined by ELISA using the number of cells per supernatant collected after 24 h of stimulation. ***, P < 0.001; *, P < 0.05 (by paired testing [parametric due to the small sample size]).