Table 1.

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with and without hyperchloremia

	Not included patients N = 21	No hyperchloremia N = 156	Hyperchloremia N = 257	P valuea
Hypertonic saline group, n (%)	13 (62)	45 (29)	156 (61)	< 0.001
Age, year	64 (61–73)	68 (57–77)	69 (59–78)	0.28
Mc Cabe, n (%)				0.36
No fatal underlying disease	14 (67)	94 (60)	171 (67)
Fatal underlying disease at 5 year	6 (29)	44 (17)	65 (25)
Fatal underlying disease at 1 year	1 (5)	18 (12)	21 (8)
Sex M, n (%)	11 (52)	108 (69)	158 (61)	0.11
Weight, Kg	67 (59–80)	73 (61–85)	70 (61–80)	0.32
Surgical admission, n (%)	6 (29)	32 (21)	89 (35)	0.002
Cumulative volume of fluids before H0, L	2.5 (2.3–4.0)	2.5 (2.0–3.5)	2.8 (2.0–3.6)	0.28
History of, n (%)
CKD	3 (14)	19 (12)	24 (9)	0.35
Cirrhosis	2 (10)	6 (4)	12 (5)	0.70
Heart failure	0	9 (6)	14 (5)	0.88
Immunosuppression	5 (24)	31 (20)	51 (20)	0.99
Diabetes	4 (19)	33 (21)	49 (19)	0.58
Serum Creatinine at H0, µmol/Lb	180 (135–241)	133 (79–195)	130 (79–189)	0.21
ARDS at H0, n (%)	5 (24)	41 (26)	69 (27)	0.90
SAPS II, points	69 (55–79)	55 (46–63)	56 (48–65)°	0.18
SOFA at H0, points	11 (9–16)	10 (8–12)	10 (8–12)	0.31
Vasopressor dose at H0, µg/Kg/min	0.45 (0.28–1.0)	0.32 (0.20–0.66)	0.44 (0.23–0.80)	0.04
Cumulative volume of fluids for resuscitation H0–H72, L	1.4 (0.6–2.2)	1.4 (0.6–2.3)	2.2 (1.1–3.9)	<0.001
Outcomes, n (%)
AKI	7 (33)	71 (51)	110 (45)	0.29
Need for RRTb	7 (33)	53 (36)	90 (36)	0.98
Make 28	15 (71)	83 (53)	131 (51)	0.66
Day-28 mortality	15 (71)	60 (38)	95 (37)	0.76

MAKE = Major Adverse Kidney Events including either death, need for starting RRT, AKI or persistent AKI

^aFor comparison between patients with and without hyperchloremia

^bAmong patients free of RRT at H0