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. 2019 Aug 16;10:1954. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01954

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Copyright © 2019 Schlundt, Reinke, Geissler, Bucher, Giannini, Märdian, Dahne, Kleber, Samans, Baron, Duda, Volk and Schmidt-Bleek.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Enhancing bone healing by adoptive transfer of murine CD4+ T_Reg in SPF mice. (A) Demonstration of the functionality of isolated murine CD4+ T_Reg in a suppression assay, illustrated is the suppression of the proliferation of CD4+CD25- T_Responder cells by using freshly isolated CD4+ T_Reg (n = 6). (B) Status of CD4+ T_Reg in the peripheral blood of the experimental mice 1 d after adoptive transfer, control (n = 6) vs. CD4+ T_Reg enriched mice (n = 6). (C,D) Improved bone healing by adoptive CD4+ T_Reg transfer as demonstrated by μCT evaluation after 21 d, control (C, left, control SPF) vs. T_Reg enriched mice (C, right, +T_Reg SPF). Quantification of the μCT data revealed a significantly higher BV/TV in the mice that received a CD4+ T_Reg transfer (+T_Reg) (n = 6) compared to the control SPF mice (n = 5) (D). BV, bone volume; TV, total callus volume; BV/TV, ratio of BV to TV; Mann-Whitney U-test.