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. 2019 Aug 16;10:1954. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01954

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Copyright © 2019 Schlundt, Reinke, Geissler, Bucher, Giannini, Märdian, Dahne, Kleber, Samans, Baron, Duda, Volk and Schmidt-Bleek.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Individual effector/regulatory T cell ratio pre-osteotomy determines the healing outcome in mice. (A) Mice having a lower pre-surgery CD8+ T_EFF to CD4+ T_Reg ratio (left y-axis) showed a higher BV/TV (right y-axis, axis is reversed for a clearer depiction). Dashed line indicates the cut off between the +T_Reg responder (below the dashed line) and the +T_Reg non-responder (above the dashed line). (B) Adoptive CD4+ T_Reg transfer did not reshape the unfavorable CD8+ T_EFF/CD4+ T_Reg ratio. (C) Engraftment of CD4+CD25++ T cells 1 d post-surgery is elevated in both, the +T_Reg responder (n = 4) and +T_Reg non-responder (n = 3) in comparison to the control group (n = 6). 45BV, total bone volume; TV, total callus volume; BV/TV, ratio of BV to TV; Mann–Whitney U-test.