Table 4. Net Benefit Regression Results Assigning Different Values to an Additional Day of Stable Housing With Interaction Termsa.
| Term | Estimated β Coefficient (95% CI), 2016 Can$b | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| λc = Can$0 | λc = Can$20 | λc = Can$40 | λc = Can$60 | λc = Can$80 | λc = Can$100 | |
| HF intervention | 36 433 (−3860 to 76 726) | 39 828 (−1193 to 80 850) | 43 223 (1304 to 85 143) | 46 618 (3643 to 89 594) | 50 013 (5834 to 94 193) | 53 409 (7890 to 98 927) |
| Toronto | 1088 (−6472 to 8649) | 1575 (−6104 to 9254) | 2062 (−5770 to 9894) | 2548 (−5470 to 10 566) | 3035 (−5200 to 11 270) | 3522 (−4959 to 12 002) |
| Winnipeg | 1798 (−6198 to 9794) | 1453 (−6688 to 9595) | 1109 (−7215 to 9432) | 764 (−7776 to 9304) | 419 (−8370 to 9208) | 74 (−8993 to 9142) |
| Vancouver | 1397 (−7020 to 9813) | 620 (−7951 to 9192) | −156 (−8920 to 8608) | −932 (−9925 to 8061) | −1708 (−10 964 to 7548) | −2484 (−12 034 to 7065) |
| Aged 30-49 | 2833 (−4575 to 10 241) | 2781 (−4764 to 10 326) | 2729 (−4985 to 10 444) | 2677 (−5238 to 10 592) | 2625 (−5519 to 10 770) | 2574 (−5826 to 10 973) |
| Aged ≥50 y | 431 (−8243 to 9104) | 276 (−8571 to 9124) | 122 (−8937 to 9181) | −32 (−9339 to 9275) | −186 (−9773 to 9400) | −341 (−10 237 to 9556) |
| Female | −4015 (−7765 to −265) | −3818 (−7634 to −1) | −3621 (−7520 to 278) | −3424 (−7421 to 573) | −3226 (−7335 to 882) | −3029 (−7263 to 1205) |
| Alcohol or substance abuse or dependence | 427 (−3477 to 4331) | 457 (−3508 to 4423) | 488 (−3556 to 4532) | 519 (−3619 to 4656) | 549 (−3697 to 4795) | 580 (−3788 to 4947) |
| MCAS score/10d | 4859 (377 to 9341) | 5267 (705 to 9830) | 5676 (1013 to 10 338) | 6084 (1304 to 10 864) | 6492 (1579 to 11 405) | 6901 (1839 to 11 962) |
| Hospitalization historye | −3730 (−7940 to 479) | −3547 (−7834 to 741) | −3363 (−7746 to 1021) | −3179 (−7676 to 1317) | −2996 (−7620 to 1629) | −2812 (−7579 to 1956) |
| Arrest historyf | −9895 (−13 836 to −5954) | −10 467 (−14 481 to −6453) | −11 038 (−15 143 to −6934) | −11 610 (−15 820 to −7399) | −12 181 (−16 513 to −7850) | −12 753 (−17 219 to −8287) |
| Longest period homelessg | −13 (−54 to 28) | −16 (−58 to 25) | −19 (−62 to 23) | −22 (−66 to 22) | −25 (−70 to 20) | −28 (−75 to 18) |
| Interaction terms | ||||||
| Toronto × HF | −5737 (−15 338 to 3864) | −6198 (−15 966 to 3570) | −6658 (−16 637 to 3321) | −7119 (−17 349 to 3111) | −7579 (−18 099 to 2940) | −8040 (−18 884 to 2804) |
| Winnipeg × HF | −969 (−11 033 to 9095) | −1755 (−12 008 to 8498) | −2542 (−13 029 to 7946) | −3328 (−14 091 to 7435) | −4114 (−15 192 to 6964) | −4901 (−16 329 to 6528) |
| Vancouver × HF | −1612 (−12 640 to 9415) | −1218 (−12 457 to 10 021) | −824 (−12 325 to 10 677) | −429 (−12 239 to 11 380) | −35 (−12 196 to 12 126) | 359 (−12 192 to 12 911) |
| Age 30-49 × HF | 181 (−9395 to 9756) | 683 (−9077 to 10 443) | 1185 (-8803 to 11 173) | 1687 (−8568 to 11 943) | 2190 (−8371 to 12 750) | 2692 (−8208 to 13 592) |
| Age ≥50 × HF | 5640 (−5515 to 16 795) | 6454 (−4920 to 17 828) | 7268 (−4374 to 18 911) | 8082 (−3874 to 20 039) | 8896 (−3417 to 21 209) | 9710 (−2998 to 22 418) |
| Hospitalization history × HF | −6820 (−12 673 to −967) | −6947 (−12 906 to −989) | −7075 (−13 163 to −986) | −7202 (−13 443 to −960) | −7329 (−13 745 to −914) | −7456 (−14 065 to −847) |
| Constant | −69 214 (−100 884 to −37 544) | −69 254 (−101 614 to −36 893) | −69 175 (−100 284 to −38 065) | −69 293 (−102 466 to −36 120) | −69 333 (−103 431 to −35 234) | −69 372 (−104 500 to −34 244) |
Abbreviations: HF, Housing First intervention; MCAS, Multnomah Community Ability Scale.
Includes 1160 participants. Models estimated with net monetary benefit are not adjusted for baseline differences in costs. Dependent variable is (di × λ) – ci, where λ is the threshold ratio (in Canadian dollars per additional day of stable housing), di is participant i’s annualized number of days of stable housing, and ci is the corresponding total cost.
Reference categories include Montreal site, younger than 30 years, and no alcohol or substance abuse or dependence.
Decision-maker’s willingness to pay for an additional day of stable housing.
Coefficients indicate partial association with a 10-point increase in MCAS score.
Indicates 2 or more hospitalizations for mental illness during a 1-year period within the 5 years before baseline.
Indicates 1 or more arrests or incarcerations during the 6 months before baseline.
Indicates during lifetime, in months.