Table 4.
Review of immunohistochemistry studies on LGR5 and TROY expression in gastric cancer
|
Country/
year |
Study population
|
Results
|
Application | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | Controls |
Inclusion
criteria |
Staining
pattern |
Cases vs.
controls |
Demographic characteristics |
Clinico-pathological
characteristics |
Survival | Diagnostic | Prognostic | ||||||||
| LGR5 | |||||||||||||||||
| Iran 2019[This study] |
GC (n = 30) | Paired adjacent | Intestinal GC | M/C | GC > adjacent | Family history of GC (yes > no) | Hp+ > Hp - Tumor subsite (proximal > distal) |
- | √ | √ | |||||||
| USA 2018[60] |
IM (n = 17) Dys (n = 10) GC (n = 26) |
NM (n = 10) | Hp-positive only | M | GC > Dys >IM >NM | Male > female | Tumor stage (II/III > I/IV) | - | √ | √ | |||||||
| Iran 2017[49] |
GC (n = 94) | Case only | No previous treatment | M/C | Case only | > 63 y > ≤63 y | Tumor subtype (intestinal > diffuse) Tumor grade (moderate > well > poor) |
- | - | √ | |||||||
| Colombia 2017[61] |
IM (n = 17) Dys (n = 10) GC (n = 26) |
NM (n = 10) | Hp-positive only | - | GC > Dys > IM > NM | - | - | - | √ | √ | |||||||
| China 2017[62] |
IM (n = 16) | Paired adjacent | IM (lesser curvature only) | M | IM < adjacent | - | IM grade (3 < 2 < 1 < 0) | - | √ | √ | |||||||
| Korea 2016[43] |
Dys (n = 21) Early GC (n = 25) |
NM (n = 30) | Current Hp infection Early GC |
- | GC > Dys > NM | Current Hp infection > Hp eradicated Hp+ NM> Hp- NM Hp+ GC > Hp- GC |
Antrum > body Dys (moderate > severe > mild > none) |
- | √ | √ | |||||||
|
China
2016 [ 51 ] |
PL of GC (n = 377) Metastatic LNs of GC (n = 194) |
Adjacent (n = 93) |
- | C | - | (> 60 y) > (45-60 y) > (≤45 y) Male > female |
Tumor invasion (no > yes) Tumor stage (III > IV > I-II) |
√ | √ | ||||||||
| China 2015[39] |
GC (n = 261) | Paired adjacent ( n = 261) |
- | M/C | GC > adjacent | NS | Tumor size (> 8 > 4-8 < > 4) Tumor grade (poor > moderate > well) Tumor stage (III-IV > I-II) |
√ | √ | ||||||||
| China 2014[48] |
GC (n = 318) | NM (n = 80) | - | C | GC > adjacent | NS | Tumor grade (poor > moderate > well) Tumor stage (IV > III > II > I) |
√ | √ | ||||||||
| China 2014[50] |
GC (n = 68) | Case only | Preoperative (oxaliplatin-based) chemotherapy | C | - | NS | Tumor size (>8 > 4-8 > <4) Tumor grade (poor > moderate/well) Tumor stage (III > I-II) |
- | √ | ||||||||
| USA 2014[63] |
Hp+ Gastritis (n = 12) Hp+IM (n = 10) Dys (n = 6) GC (n = 12) |
Hp- M (n = 10) |
- | - | GC/IM > NM | - | NM (Hp+ > Hp-) | - | - | √ | |||||||
| China 2013[38] |
GC (n = 236) | Paired adjacent (n = 236) |
- | M/C | GC > adjacent | >60 y > ≤60 y Male > female |
Subtype (intestinal > mixed > diffuse) Tumor grade (well/moderate > poor) Tumor stage (I-II > III-IV) |
√ | √ | ||||||||
| China 2013[47] |
GC (n = 160) | NM (n = 99) | - | - | - | - | Tumor differentiation (well > moderate > poor) Tumor subsite (proximal > distal) |
- | √ | √ | |||||||
| China 2013[36] |
IM (n = 90) Dys (n = 53) GC (n = 180) GC with metastases in lymph nodes and the liver (n = 15) |
Paired adjacent (n = 145) |
- | M/C | All cases > adjacent IM > adjacent Dys with IM (yes > no) | >60 y > ≤60 y Male > female |
Tumor Subtype (intestinal > diffuse) Dys (low > high) Tumor grade (differentiated > undifferentiated) Tumor stage (I-II > III-IV) Metastasis or recurrence (No > Yes) |
- | √ | √ | |||||||
| USA 2013[42] |
GC (n = 35) | Non-GC (n = 18) |
- | C | - | All (Hp+ > Hp-) GC (Hp+ > Hp-) Non-GC (Hp+ > HP-) |
Antrum > oxyntic | - | - | √ | |||||||
| Germany 2012[37] |
GC (n = 127) | Paired adjacent (n = 127) |
Intestinal GC | M/C | Tumor > adjacent | ≥71 y > <71 y | Tumor stage (III > IV > II > I) | √ | √ | ||||||||
| TROY | |||||||||||||||||
| Iran 2019[This study] |
GC (n = 30) | Paired adjacent | Intestinal GC | M/C | GC < adjacent | Age (positive correlation) | PG (> 3.0) > (≤ 3.0) Tumor grade (well >moderate/poor) |
- | √ | √ | |||||||
| Germany 2016[28] |
GC (n = 52) | Paired adjacent (n = 52) Normal stomach (n = 5) |
- | M | GC < Adjacent | - | Tumor grade (inverse correlation) Tumor type (intestinal > diffuse) Tumor stage (I >II >III > IV) |
√ | √ | ||||||||
IHC, immunohistochemistry; Dys, gastric dysplasia; GC, gastric cancer; IM, intestinal metaplasia; LNs, lymph nodes; NM, normal mucosa; NS, not significant; PL, primary lesions; y, years; , increased; , decreased, M, membrane; C, cytoplasm; M/C, membrane/cytoplasm; Hp, H. pylori