Fig. 4.

Kinetic lattice and energy landscape pictures showing how kinetic asymmetry leads to energy coupling. a A kinetic lattice model¹⁵ where the pathway favored by the kinetic asymmetry is shown in boldface. Having ${\mu }_{\mathrm{S}}>{\mu }_{\mathrm{P}}$ favors flux from top to bottom, and hence from right to left. b Contour plot of a 2-D energy landscape obtained by plotting the energies of the four states and six transition states and interpolating between the values³⁰