Table 4.
Overall incidence (per 1,000 person-years) and hazard ratio for hepatic failure, renal failure, and heart failure by ICS and OS status using a time-dependent regression model.
| Variables | With ICSs | Without ICSs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Statin | Statin | |||
| No (N = 1743) | Yes (N = 321) | No (N = 5,700) | Yes (N = 890) | |
| With OSs | Without OSs | |||
| Statin | Statin | |||
| No (N = 5377) | Yes (N = 942) | No (N = 2,066) | Yes (N = 269) | |
| Hepatic failure | ||||
| No. of events | 99 | 13 | 595 | 69 |
| Incidence rate | 8.81 | 4.95 | 18.8 | 10.0 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.57 (0.32, 1.02) | 1 (Reference) | 0.59 (0.46, 0.75)*** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.36 (0.20, 0.66)*** | 1 (Reference) | 0.53 (0.41, 0.69)*** |
| Renal failure | ||||
| No. of events | 79 | 26 | 431 | 48 |
| Incidence rate | 6.88 | 9.95 | 12.9 | 6.79 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (eference) | 1.38 (0.89, 2.15) | 1 (Reference) | 0.54 (0.40, 0.73)*** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (reference) | 0.82 (0.51, 1.34) | 1 (Reference) | 0.40 (0.29, 0.55)*** |
| Heart failure | ||||
| No. of events | 140 | 21 | 695 | 56 |
| Incidence rate | 12.5 | 8.04 | 21.7 | 7.97 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.65 (0.41, 1.02) | 1 (Reference) | 0.40 (0.30, 0.52)*** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.66 (0.40, 1.07) | 1 (Reference) | 0.43 (0.32, 0.57)*** |
| Hepatic failure | ||||
| No. of events | 414 | 60 | 280 | 22 |
| Incidence rate | 13.1 | 8.01 | 25.1 | 10.9 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.65 (0.49, 0.85)** | 1 (Reference) | 0.48 (0.31, 0.75)** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.52 (0.39, 0.70)*** | 1 (Reference) | 0.45 (0.29, 0.71)*** |
| Renal failure | ||||
| No. of events | 332 | 47 | 178 | 27 |
| Incidence rate | 10.1 | 6.15 | 14.5 | 13.2 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.61 (0.45, 0.82)** | 1 (Reference) | 0.93 (0.62, 1.40) |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.46 (0.33, 0.63)*** | 1 (Reference) | 0.57 (0.37, 0.88)* |
| Heart failure | ||||
| No. of events | 555 | 60 | 280 | 17 |
| Incidence rate | 17.6 | 7.91 | 24.0 | 8.28 |
| cHR (95% CI) | 1 (Reference) | 0.47 (0.36, 0.62)*** | 1 (Reference) | 0.38 (0.23, 0.61)*** |
| aHR (95% CI) a | 1 (Reference) | 0.48 (0.37, 0.64)*** | 1 (Reference) | 0.42 (0.25, 0.70)*** |
a
Adjusted for age; sex; and comorbidity of sleep disorder, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, CAD, stroke, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C.
vHD, cHR, crude hazard ratio; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; OS, oral steroid.
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.