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. 2019 Aug 20;9(8):e026148. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026148

Table 2b.

Logistic regression analysis: associations of behavioural risks with very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)

VLDL LDL-C HDL-C
%≥30 
mg/dL
Crude
OR (CI)
Adjusted*
OR (CI)
%≥130 
mg/dL
Crude
OR (CI)
Adjusted*
OR (CI)
%<40 
mg/dL
Crude
OR (CI)
Adjusted
OR (CI)
Number of cigarettes
 0 24.2 1.00 1 43.6 1.00 1 18.1 1.00 1.00
 1–19 27.9 1.21 (0.58 to 2.52) 1.01 (0.45 to 2.25) 53.5 1.49 (0.77 to 2.86) 1.12 (0.54 to 2.33) 18.6 1.04 (0.45 to 2.40) 1.01 (0.39 to 2.63)
 20–39 35.5 1.72 (0.94 to 3.14) 1.27 (0.64 to 2.51) 54.8 1.57 (0.89 to 2.76) 0.97 (0.50 to 1.89) 28.6 1.81 (0.95 to 3.45) 1.61 (0.75 to 3.45)
 ≥40 56.7 4.09 (1.87 to 8.95) 3.26 (1.33 to 8.03) 53.3 1.48 (0.69 to 3.17) 0.96 (0.39 to 2.40) 40.0 3.02 (1.35 to 6.76) 1.98 (0.77 to 5.08)
 P trend <0.001 0.030 0.078 0.946 <0.001 0.106
Physical activity
 High 26.1 1.00 1 48.9 1.00 1 27.3 1.00 1
 Moderate 28.9 1.15 (0.62 to 2.13) 1.27 (0.54 to 2.52) 49.6 1.02 (0.59 to 1.78) 0.89 (0.48 to 1.65) 19.0 0.62 (0.32 to 1.20) 0.93 (0.43 to 2.01)
 Low 32.0 1.33 (0.74 to 2.39) 1.44 (0.76 to 2.71) 46.0 0.89 (0.53 to 1.51) 0.93 (0.52 to 1.65) 21.2 0.72 (0.40 to 1.32) 0.69 (0.34 to 1.39)
Alcohol intake
 No 28.3 1 1 43.4 1 1 20.5 1 1
 Yes 30.8 1.12 (0.71 to 1.79) 1.12 (0.65 to 1.93) 53.8 1.53 (1.00 to 2.33) 1.68 (1.01 to 2.82) 23.6 1.19 (0.72 to 1.98) 0.98 (0.54 to 1.78)
Total fat intake (% energy)
 <30 29.0 1 1 45.2 1 1 25.8 1 1
 ≥30 28.8 0.99 (0.54 to 1.82) 1.15 (0.59 to 2.22) 46.7 1.06 (0.61 to 1.85) 1.26 (0.69 to 2.33) 21.8 0.80 (0.42 to 1.52) 0.81 (0.39 to 1.65)
Saturated fat (% energy)
 <10 29.2 1 1 44.2 1 1 20.4 1 1
 ≥10 28.7 0.98 (0.59 to 1.61) 0.96 (0.56 to 1.66) 47.5 1.15 (0.72 to 1.80) 1.73 (1.02 to 2.93) 23.7 1.21 (0.70 to 2.16) 1.16 (0.62 to 2.17)
Carbohydrates (% energy)
 <55 28.7 1 1 45.7 1 1 22.2 1 1
 ≥55 29.6 1.04 (0.59 to 1.86) 0.96 (0.52 to 1.79) 49.3 1.16 (0.68 to 1.95) 0.93 (0.52 to 1.67) 23.9 1.10 (0.60 to 2.05) 1.18 (0.59 to 2.36)
Sugar intake (% energy)
 <10 29.6 1 1 47.1 1 1 23.8 1
 ≥10 25.0 0.79 (0.41 to 1.53) 0.89 (0.44 to 1.82) 42.9 0.84 (0.47 to 1.50) 0.89 (0.47 to 1.71) 16.1 0.61 (0.28 to 1.31) 0.62 (0.26 to 1.45)
Protein intake (% energy)
 <15 32.9 1 1 48.3 1 1 21 1 1
 ≥15 25.9 0.71 (0.44 to 1.15) 0.85 (0.50 to 1.44) 45.1 0.88 (0.57 to 1.36) 0.75 (0.46 to 1.24) 23.7 1.17 (0.59 to 1.97) 1.49 (0.82 to 2.72)

*Controlling for age, gender, education, marital status, caloric intake and body mass index.