Competition assay screening. The amino acid stretch showing high sequence similarity between ANO2 and EBNA1 overlaps with the ANO2 antibody epitope as marked in a schematic overview of the ANO2 and EBNA1 full-length sequences. Illustration was generated with the Protter tool (43), and subsequently modified (A). A heatmap with the mean fold change between not blocking and blocking with peptides, representing ANO2 and EBNA1 (rows), in plasma samples from 7 MS cases across the same peptides (columns). The signal intensity from ANO2 [aa 135 to 149] was affected by 3 EBNA1 peptides [aa 421 to 440], [aa 425 to 444], and [aa 431 to 450] (B). The sequence in common between these 3 EBNA1 sequences is EBNA1 [aa 431 to 440] PGAIEQGPAD, which is the sequence with similarity to ANO2 [aa 140 to 147] PGDIELGPLD.