Figure 4.

Picea genus demographic history in Europe. The best‐fitting model describes bottlenecks for Picea omorika, Picea obovata, and Picea abies (Alpine, Carpathian, and Fennoscandia domains) in different periods. The blue arrows describe the major admixture event from P. obovata to P. abies (FEN), and the hybridization between the two species. The black dotted line is migration, and the figures within bars are the effective population sizes. Migration was allowed between the three P. abies domains with a fixed rate of 1 × 10^‐6. The parameters were estimated with FastSimCoal2