Table 1:
Studies reported the overall and genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cases) and Esophageal non-cancerous tissues (controls) in Iran
| Author (Year) | Province | ESCC* cases | Controls** | HPV detection primers | Overall HPV in ESCCs | Overall HPV in Controls | Genotyping Method | HPV genotypes in ESCC cases (Frequency) | HPV genotypes in non-cancerous controls (Frequency) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Farhadi M (2005) | Tehran | 38 | 38 | MY09/MY11 | 14 | 5 | E6/E7 primers | HPV-16 (5), HPV-18 (3) | HPV-18 (5) | (17) |
| Eslamifar A (2007) | Tehran | 140 | 140 | GP5+/GP6+ | 33 | 12 | Sequencing | HPV-16 (20), HPV-18 (10), HPV-33 (2), HPV-31 (1) | HPV-16 (12) | (18) |
| Abdirad A. (2012) | Tehran (Cancer Institute) | 93 | - | SPF10 | 8 | - | INNO-LiPA genotyping kit | HPV-16 (2), HPV-6/16 (2), HPV-6/18 (1), HPV-6 (1), untypeable (3) | - | (19) |
| Haeri H. (2013) | Tehran (Cancer Institute) | 30 | 30 | Real-time GP5+/GP6+ | - | - | - | - | - | (20) |
| Tahmasebi Fard Z. (2004) | Tehran | 38 | 38 | MY09/MY11 | 14 | 5 | E6/E7 primers | HPV-16 (5), HPV-18 (3) | HPV-18 (5) | (21) |
| Abbaszadegan M.R (2003) | Khorasan Razavi | 45 | - | E6/E7 primers | 8 | - | E6/E7 primers | HPV-16 (8) | - | (22) |
| Moradi A. (2002) | Golestan (Turkmen Sahra) | 85 | - | GP5+/GP6+ | 42 | - | Sequencing | HPV-16 (23), HPV-18 (2), HPV-52 (2), HPV-66 (3), HPV-6 (6), HPV-16/18 (2), HPV-16/6 (4) | - | (14) |
| Moradi A (2006). | Golestan (Turkmen Sahra) | 85 | 31 | GP5+/GP6+ | 42 | 18 | Sequencing | HPV-16 (23), HPV-18 (2), HPV-52 (2), HPV-66 (3), HPV-6 (6), HPV-16/18 (2), HPV-18/6 (4) | HPV-16 (7), HPV-6 (8), HPV-66 (1), HPV-52 (2) | (15) |
| Yahyapour Y. (2013) | Mazandaran | 177 | - | Real-time MY09/MY11 kit | 49 | - | Real-time fluorescence detection (FRT) kit | HPV-6 (4), 18 (1), 11 (4), 39/45/59 (1), 16/45 (1), 39 (1), 11/31/33/35/56 (1), 39/45 (1), 6/39/45 (1), 11/45/52 (1), 35/52 (1), 31/33/52 (1), 52/58 (1), 39 (1), 52 (1), 45 (1), 56 (1), Unknown (26) | - | (23) |
| Yahyapour Y. (2016) | Mazandaran | 51 | 45 | Real-time MY09/MY11 kit | 16 | 20 | Real-time fluorescence detection (FRT) kit | HPV-11 (1), (HPV-16/45 (1), HPV-35/52 (1), HPV-39/45/59 (1), untypable (12) | untypable (11), HPV-11 (4), HPV-33 (1), 39 (1), 52 (1), 56 (1), 58 (1) | (4) |
| Mohseni S M. (2010) | Guilan | 45 | - | GP5+/GP6+ | 17 | - | E6/E7 primers (Isogen) | HPV-16/18 (2), HPV-31/33/51/52/58 (4) | - | (24) |
| Emadian O. (2011) | Mazandaran | 40 | 40 | Nested PCR, Amplesence | 15 | 5 | E6/E7 primers, RFLP****, Amplesence | HPV-16 (6), HPV-16/45 (3), HPV-45 (6) | HPV-16 (3), HPV-45 (2) | (25) |
| Noori S. (2012) | Fars | 92 | 20 | GP5/GP6 | - | - | - | - | - | (26) |
| Soheili F. (2016) | Kermanshah | 58 | - | GP5/GP6, SPF10 | 7 | - | INNO-LiPA genotyping kit | HPV-16 (4), HPV-18 (1), HPV6/18 (2) | - | (9) |
| Kurdistan | 45 | - | GP5/GP6, SPF10 | 4 | - | INNO-LiPA genotyping kit | HPV-16 (2), HPV-18 (2) | - | ||
| Total | - | 1062 | 382 | - | 269 | 65 | - | HPV-16 (117), HPV-18 (37), HPV-11 (7), HPV-31 (7), HPV-35 (2), HPV-39 (5), HPV-45 (11), HPV-52 (9), HPV-56 (2), HPV-58 (5), HPV-59 (2), HPV-66 (6), HPV-6 (20), untypable (41) | HPV-16 (22), HPV-18 (10), HPV11 (4), HPV-33 (1), 39 (1), HPV45 (2), HPV-52 (3), 56 (1), 58 (1), HPV-66 (1), HPV-6 (8), untypable (11) | - |
*
ESCC: Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma,
**
Biopsies from esophageal non-cancerous tissues from patients with dysphagia, endoscopically normal or margins of carcinomas as control;
***
All specimens were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks;
****
RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism