Table 5.
Nursing home characteristics and associations with integration of infection management and palliative care.
| Patient Involvement | Advance Care Planning | Routine Practices | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | p value | β | p value | β | p value | |
| CMS Five-Star Overall Rating | 0.62 | 0.63 | 1.08 | 0.20 | 2.74 | 0.02 |
| Facility bed size | −0.03 | 0.27 | −0.02 | 0.19 | −0.01 | 0.57 |
| Percent occupancy | 0.11 | 0.28 | −0.02 | 0.79 | −0.18 | 0.06 |
| % Payer | ||||||
| Medicare residents | −0.01 | 0.96 | −0.21 | 0.07 | −0.21 | 0.12 |
| Medicaid residents | −0.08 | 0.41 | −0.12 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.82 |
| Other residents | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Resident Care Hours by Staff | ||||||
| CNA HRD | −0.44 | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.48 | 1.62 | 0.12 |
| LPN HRD | −0.46 | 0.90 | 0.47 | 0.82 | −2.26 | 0.42 |
| RN HRD | 0.44 | 0.76 | −1.46 | 0.26 | −1.60 | 0.23 |
| High staffing of social workers | −2.21 | 0.57 | 3.32 | 0.21 | 9.29 | 0.01 |
| Ownership | ||||||
| For profit | −4.29 | 0.28 | −1.87 | 0.46 | −2.27 | 0.52 |
| Government | 5.27 | 0.38 | −6.95 | 0.08 | −7.06 | 0.25 |
| Nonprofit | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Region | ||||||
| Midwest | 0.53 | 0.92 | −5.39 | 0.18 | 4.79 | 0.36 |
| Northeast | 3.81 | 0.53 | −1.38 | 0.75 | 12.87 | 0.03 |
| South | 3.90 | 0.47 | −9.61 | 0.02 | −3.89 | 0.46 |
| West | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Setting | ||||||
| Metropolitan | 4.85 | 0.22 | 2.72 | 0.26 | 0.45 | 0.90 |
| Rural Remote | 1.03 | 0.89 | 1.94 | 0.65 | 5.08 | 0.46 |
| Rural Adjacent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Multi-facility organization | −9.57 | 0.01 | −1.31 | 0.54 | −1.18 | 0.70 |
| Infection control citation in past year | −2.50 | 0.46 | −0.90 | 0.69 | 0.88 | 0.77 |
| Quality of care citation in past year | 1.09 | 0.75 | 0.61 | 0.79 | 0.66 | 0.84 |
| IP Education | ||||||
| LPN | −1.63 | 0.71 | 0.51 | 0.86 | −0.17 | 0.97 |
| RN | −2.01 | 0.92 | −23.20 | 0.01 | −12.61 | 0.25 |
| Other | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| IP Training | ||||||
| Certified in Infection Control (CIC) | −0.52 | 0.94 | 6.96 | 0.13 | 7.33 | 0.27 |
| State or local training course with certificate | −4.49 | 0.35 | 1.33 | 0.69 | 1.91 | 0.69 |
| National or local training course offered by a professional society | −4.59 | 0.39 | 1.37 | 0.69 | 3.83 | 0.45 |
| Other | 3.76 | 0.48 | 4.81 | 0.26 | −3.41 | 0.55 |
| No specific infection control training | −8.32 | 0.10 | 0.57 | 0.87 | −5.33 | 0.29 |
| Staff turnover | ||||||
| IPs in past 3 years | −1.01 | 0.24 | −0.39 | 0.52 | 2.23 | <.01 |
| DONs in past 3 years | −0.98 | 0.44 | −0.92 | 0.27 | −1.48 | 0.17 |
| Administrators in past 3 years | 0.89 | 0.30 | −0.39 | 0.59 | −1.16 | 0.13 |
*
All models include all variables in the table. Bolded results are statistically significant. Abbreviations: CNA, certified nursing assistant; DON, Director of Nursing; HRD, hours per resident day; IP, infection preventionist; LPN, licensed practical nurse; RN, registered nurse.