A upper row is representative sections at 20X magnification and a lower row is at 40X magnification after Ki-67 staining of the negative control (negative), sham jugular graft vein (sham GV), and PTA treated jugular graft vein (PTA GV). Ki-67 (+) cells are localized to neointima and media (black arrows) in sham treated vessels compared to PTA treated shams. B upper row are representative sections at 20X magnification and b lower row is at 40X magnification after TUNEL staining of the negative control, sham GV, and PTA GV. TUNEL (+) cells are localized to neointima and media (black arrows) in sham vessels compared to PTA GV. (c) There is a significant decrease in the mean Ki-67 index of the PTA GV compared to sham controls (***P<0.001). (d) There is a significant decrease in the mean TUNEL index of the PTA GV compared to sham controls (**P<0.01). Each bar represents mean ± SEM of 6–7 animals. ADV, adventitia; L, lumen. Scale bar is 50-μm.