Resensitization of BL21 cells expressing PAsmr to biocide upon treatment with PAsmrTM4 peptide. Cells were treated with a sublethal dose of each biocide (A to C) or nonsubstrate detergent (D) as determined for E. coli cells expressing PAsmr (blue bar), as well for the PAsmrTM4 peptide alone (red) and the PAsmrScr peptide alone (purple). (A) Cells were plated with a sublethal dose of BZK (1.5 μg/ml) and 2 μM of either PAsmrTM4 (gray) or PAsmrScr (turquoise). (B) Cells were plated with 1 μg/ml CP+ and 1 μM of peptide as indicated. (C) Cells were plated with 4 μg/ml CTAB and 2 μM of peptide as indicated. (D) A sublethal concentration of 500 μg/ml n-octyl-β-d-glucopyranose (OG) was added to cells treated with 2 μM of peptide as indicated. After 20 h of incubation under all conditions shown, the OD600 was measured to determine cell growth. Error bars show standard deviations (n = 3). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ****, P < 0.0001; ns, not significant.