Table 1. Characteristics of hemodialysis patients with and without low back pain.
| Hemodialysis patients | Hemodialysis patients | ||||||||
| with low back pain (n=32) | without low back pain (n=55) | ||||||||
| n | % | Mean±SD | n | % | Mean±SD | OR | 95% CI | p | |
| Age (year) | 58.0±14.5 | 50.7±16.0 | 1,03 | 1.00-1.06 | 0,041 | ||||
| Sex | 0,631 | ||||||||
| Female | 18 | 56,3 | 28 | 50,9 | 1,24 | 0.51-2.97 | |||
| Male | 14 | 43,7 | 27 | 49,1 | |||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2)* | 25.7±4.3 | 23.9±3.4 | 1,13 | 1.00-1.28 | 0,035 | ||||
| Marital status | 0,273 | ||||||||
| Married | 21 | 65,6 | 29 | 52,7 | 1,71 | 0.69-4.21 | |||
| Not married | 11 | 34,4 | 26 | 47,3 | |||||
| Education period (year)* | 3.7±3.9 | 4.5±3.6 | 0,94 | 0.83-1.06 | 0,352 | ||||
| Duration of hemodialysis (year)* | 6.4±6.2 | 7.4±6.4 | 0,97 | 0.90-1.04 | 0,462 | ||||
| Smoking | 7 | 21,9 | 7 | 12,7 | 1,92 | 0.60-6.08 | 0,248 | ||
| Comorbidities | |||||||||
| Arterial hypertension | 21 | 65,6 | 30 | 54,5 | 1,59 | 0.64-3.92 | 0,313 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 | 28,1 | 14 | 25,4 | 1,14 | 0.43-3.05 | 0,785 | ||
| Cardiac disease | 7 | 21,8 | 10 | 18,1 | 1,26 | 0.42-3.72 | 0,676 | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1 | 3,1 | 3 | 5,4 | 0,55 | 0.05-5.61 | 0,621 | ||
| Beck depression inventory* | 14.9±2.6 | 11.7±1.5 | 1,03 | 0.99-1.06 | 0,066 | ||||
| Laboratory tests* | |||||||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.8±1.4 | 10.8±1.4 | 1,02 | 0.75-1.38 | 0,893 | ||||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 7.6±2.0 | 7.3±2.1 | 0,66 | 0.69-1.06 | 0,374 | ||||
| Albumin (mg/dL) | 3.6±0.6 | 3.8±0.3 | 0,43 | 0.14-1.26 | 0,125 | ||||
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 8.5±0.6 | 8.7±0.9 | 0,78 | 0.45-1.34 | 0,380 | ||||
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 5.4±1.6 | 5.1±1.4 | 1,10 | 0.82-1.47 | 0,491 | ||||
| Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL) | 406.3±459.7 | 564.7±543.5 | 0,99 | 0.99-1.00 | 0,175 | ||||
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 15.1±11.4 | 13.1±6.9 | 1,02 | 0.97-1.07 | 0,337 | ||||
| SD: Standard deviation; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval. | |||||||||