Table 3. Clinical outcomes reported at the follow-up meetings.
Score | Prolotherapy improvement* | Control improvement* | ||||||
Mean±SD | Median† | Min-Max† | Mean±SD | Median† | Min-Max† | Test value | p | |
VAS (0-21 days) | -1.0±1.2 | -1,0 | -4.0 to 1.0 | -0.7±0.9 | -1,0 | -2.1 to 1.0 | z=-0.996 | 0,319 |
VAS (0-42 days) | -2.6±1.2 | -1.0±1.7 | t=3.700 | 0,001 | ||||
VAS (0-90 days) | -3.8±1.8 | -1.7±2.5 | t=3.255 | 0,002 | ||||
VAS (0-360 days) | -4.5±2.4 | -4,5 | -8.5 to -0.8 | -3±2.6 | -2,0 | -7.5 to 0 | z=-2.033 | 0,042 |
AOFAS (0-21 days) | 6.8±3.8 | 3.8±9.2 | t=-1.116 | 0,270 | ||||
AOFAS (0-42 days) | 16.9±4.5 | 4.5±14.3 | t=-3.512 | 0,001 | ||||
AOFAS (0-90 days) | 23.2±7.6 | 7.6±19 | t=-3.367 | 0,002 | ||||
AOFAS (0-360 days) | 27.6±16 | 16±16.4 | t=-2.358 | 0,023 | ||||
FFI (0-21 days) | -4.9±6.3 | -2.9±5.2 | t=1.203 | 0,235 | ||||
FFI (0-42 days) | -19±9.7 | -18,91 | -40.44 to -0.43 | -5.5±11.1 | -3,7 | -42.25 to 10.44 | z=-4.166 | <0.001 |
FFI (0-90 days) | -26.6±13.5 | -27,62 | -61.31 to -1.74 | -9.1±16.4 | -3,92 | -44.35 to 10.0 | z=-3.622 | <0.001 |
FFI (0-360 days) | -31.7±18 | -22.6±21.8 | t=1.613 | 0,113 | ||||
* The change in the outcome scores was used in between group comparison; † The variable doesn’t have normal distribution; SD: Standard deviation; Min: Minimum; Max: Maximum; VAS: Visual Analog Scale; AOFAS: American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Clinical Rating System; FFI: Foot Function Index. |