. 2019 Jul 19;54(7):808–821. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-481-17

Table 7.

Studies With Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization Effect Sizes Over Time at Least 1 Rhea Category Greater Than the Comparison Group in Outcome Assessed^a

Time Period	Range of Motion: Uninjured Group (Specific)	Pain: Injured Group	Strength: Injured Group	Patient-Reported Function: Injured Group
Short term	Bailey et al⁴ (IR, HA)^b	Blanchette and Normand⁴¹	Burke et al⁴²	Blanchette and Normand⁴¹
	Heinecke et al⁴⁴ (IR, ER, HA)	Crothers et al⁴³	Kivlan et al^45,b	Crothers et al⁴³
	Laudner et al⁴⁶ (IR, ER, HA)^b	McCormack et al⁴⁷		McCormack et al⁴⁷
	Markovic⁶ (Hip and knee flexion)^b	Sevier and Stegink-Jansen⁴⁹		Sevier and Stegink-Jansen^49,b
	Schaefer and Sandrey⁴⁸ (dorsiflexion and plantar flexion only)
Long term		Blanchette and Normand⁴¹	Burke et al⁴²	Blanchette and Normand⁴¹
		Crothers et al⁴³		Crothers et al⁴³
		McCormack et al⁴⁷		McCormack et al^47,b
		Sevier and Stegink-Jansen⁴⁹

Abbreviations: ER, external rotation; HA, horizontal adduction; IR, internal rotation.

See Table 1 for specifics.

Difference between groups.