Table S1.

ICD-9 diagnostic codes of variables

Covariates	ICD-9-CM codes
Alcohol abuse	303, 305.0, V11.3
Tobacco use disorder	305.1, 491.0, 491.2, 492.8, 496, 523.6, 649.0, 989.84, V15.82
Obesity	278.0
Diabetes mellitus	250
Hypertension	401, 402, 403, 404, 405
Hyperlipidemia	272
Coronary heart disease	410, 411, 412, 413, 414
Chronic kidney disease	585, 586, 588
Liver disease	456, 571, 572
Cerebral vascular accident	430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438

Abbreviation: ICD-9, International Classification of Diseases-9th revision.