Table 3.
Model fit ratings and summaries for all included articles (n=63)
| 1st Author | Year | ALL MODELS | LG MODEL | SEP MODEL | MALTX MODEL | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ELS Age | EPI Age | ELS Type | Sex | EPI source & Loc | EPI Target | LG Match Score | LG % Fit | ELS Type | Sex | EPI source & Loc | EPI Target | SEP Match Score | SEP % fit | ELS Type | Sex | EPI source & Loc | EPI Target | MALTX Match Score | MALTX %flt | ||
| DNA methylation determined from brain tissue (predominantly hippocampal) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Labonte B | 2012 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Labonte B | 2012 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| McGowan PO | 2009 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Nemoda Z | 2015 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Suderman M | 2012 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| DNA methylation determined from buccal tissue | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Braithwaite EC | 2015 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.5 | 0.75 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 |
| Conradt E | 2016 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.83 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Essex MJ | 2013 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 |
| Giarraputo J | 2017 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Kumsta R | 2016 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 |
| Lapp HE | 2018 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Lester BM | 2015 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Moore SR | 2017 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.83 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 |
| Non AL | 2016 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| DNA methylation determined from saliva sample | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cicchetti D | 2017 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 |
| Efstathopoulos P | 2018 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| King L | 2017 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Melas PA | 2013 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 |
| Murgatroyd C | 2015 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Parade SH | 2017 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Parade SH | 2016 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Parent J | 2017 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Tyrka AR | 2015 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Weder N | 2014 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 |
| DNA methylation determined from blood sample (variation in procedure) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Borghol N | 2012 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 |
| Bustamante AC | 2016 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Cao-Lei L | 2014 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Cao-Lei L | 2015 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Dalle Molle R | 2012 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Duman EA | 2015 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Farrell C | 2018 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 |
| Gouin JP | 2017 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Houtepen LC | 2016 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 |
| Janusek LW | 2017 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Kantake M | 2014 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Kantake M | 2018 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Khulan B | 2014 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 |
| Lam LL | 2012 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Levine ME | 2015 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Martin-Blanco | 2014 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Marzi SJ | 2018 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 |
| Naumova OY | 2016 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 |
| Naumova OY | 2012 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Needham BL | 2015 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Peng H | 2018 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 |
| Perroud N | 2016 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Perroud N | 2011 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Perroud N | 2014 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Prados J | 2015 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 |
| Provenzi L | 2017 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Radtke KM | 2015 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.67 |
| Radtke KM | 2011 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 |
| Romens SE | 2015 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Smith JA | 2017 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Steiger H | 2013 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.17 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 |
| Suderman M | 2014 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Tehranifar P | 2013 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 |
| Tyrka AR | 2012 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.58 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Tyrka AR | 2016 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Unternaehrer E | 2015 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| van der Knaap LJ | 2014 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 |
| Wankerl M | 2014 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 0.50 |
| Yehuda R | 2014 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.25 |
| Average Model Fit: Match Score, % Match | 2.8 | 0.46 | 2.3 | 0.38 | 2.6 | 0.44 | |||||||||||||||
Note. For each empirical paper, the match between the preclinical models and the study procedures is provided, coded as described in the method section. In the first unshaded vertical section, the match between ELS age and EPI age is provided as a single number with reference to all three preclinical models, because the comparison preclinical models do not differ from each other on these factors as we have defined them. In the next three vertical sections, we provide the match between each of the three models and the empirical paper with respect to ELS type, sex of the sampled individual, epigenetic tissue source and location (EPI Source & Loc; for example, brain vs. blood, and within brain, hippocampal vs. prefrontal), epigenetic target (EPI Target, for example NR3C1), the match score, which is a sum of their match on each of the six match criteria, and the resultant percent match between that empirical paper and each preclinical model.