Table 2. Measures for test-retest and interrater reliability and internal consistency of BESTest and TCMS.
Internal consistency | Test-retest (N = 10) | Interrater (N = 10) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cronbach's α | ICC | Sig. | 95% CI | SEM | SDD | ICC | Sig. | 95% CI | SEM | SDD | |
Total TCMS (0–58) | 0.70 | 0.88 | <0.001 | 0.51–0.97 | 1.66 | 4.61 | 0.76 | <0.001 | 0.44–0.93 | 2.35 | 6.52 |
Static sitting balance (0–20) | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.002 | 0.38–0.94 | 0.51 | 1.41 | 0.65 | <0.001 | 0.31–0.89 | 0.66 | 1.82 |
Selective movement control (0–28) | 0.71 | 0.86 | <0.001 | 0.51–0.96 | 1.42 | 3.94 | 0.77 | <0.001 | 0.42–0.93 | 1.82 | 5.05 |
Dynamic reaching (0–10) | 0.79 | 0.27 | 0.223 | -0.45–0.76 | 1.45 | 4.03 | 0.92 | <0.001 | 0.80–0.98 | 0.48 | 1.33 |
Total BESTest (%) | 0.70 | 0.90 | <0.001 | 0.66–0.98 | 2.99 | 8.30 | 0.94 | <0.001 | 0.83–0.98 | 2.32 | 6.43 |
Biomechanical constraints | 0.50 | 0.88 | <0.001 | 0.60–0.97 | 5.50 | 15.26 | 0.86 | <0.001 | 0.65–0.96 | 6.33 | 17.55 |
Stability limits/verticality | 0.63 | 0.43 | 0.109 | -0.30–0.82 | 5.91 | 16.39 | 0.84 | <0.001 | 0.61–0.95 | 3.24 | 8.97 |
Anticipatory postural adjustments | 0.30 | 0.85 | <0.001 | 0.51–0.96 | 6.37 | 17.66 | 0.92 | <0.001 | 0.80–0.98 | 4.40 | 12.18 |
Reactive postural response | 0.51 | 0.31 | 0.188 | -0.39–0.77 | 12.39 | 34.33 | 0.85 | <0.001 | 0.62–0.96 | 5.43 | 15.05 |
Sensory orientation | 0.60 | 0.68 | 0.013 | 0.13–0.91 | 5.23 | 14.49 | 0.60 | 0.001 | 0.24–0.86 | 5.17 | 14.34 |
Stability in gait | 0.36 | 0.81 | 0.001 | 0.41–0.95 | 5.27 | 14.61 | 0.91 | <0.001 | 0.77–0.97 | 3.27 | 9.06 |
BESTest: Balance evaluation systems test; TCMS: Trunk control measurement scale; CI: Confidence interval; SEM: Standard error of measurement; SDD: Smallest detectable difference; Sig <0.05