Figure 4.

Cell migration after CFTR activation and inhibition. (A) Cell migration in the presence of ICG-PDT-conditioned medium (5 J/cm² and 100 μg/mL ICG) and curcumin (Cur). (B) Mean values of cell migration are expressed as % of wound areas. The addition of 5 μM curcumin to conditioned medium increased further cell migration at 12 h compared with PDT (time 0 as 100%, *p < 0.05). (C) Cell migration after addition of CFTR inhibitor 172 (CFTR-inh). (D) Mean values of cell migration in the presence of CFTR-inh and ICG-PDT-conditioned media. CFTR-inh at 5 and 10 μM inhibited cell migration at 12 h, whereas the robust inhibition at 20 μM may be attributed to cytotoxicity at this high concentration (time 0 as 100%, *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 compared with PDT, two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni comparison test). (E) Cell migration after addition of FAK inhibitor 14 (FAK-inh). (F) Mean values of cell migration in the presence of FAK-inh and ICG-PDT-conditioned media. PDT enhanced cell migration at 6-, 9-, 12-, 24-h compared with the control (time 0 as 100%, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni comparison test). Addition of FAK-inh at the concentrations of 2.5 and 5 μM inhibited cell migration at 9-, 12-, and 24-h time points compared with the control. Results are expressed as % of wound areas (time 0 as 100%, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). Data are representative results from one of the three separate experiments.