Table 3. Comorbid illnesses in frail blacks and whites in the validation cohort.

	Blacks	Whites	p value
n	13	13
Diabetes = Yes (%)	7 (53.8)	2 (15.4)	0.10
Hypertension = Yes (%)	10 (76.9)	7 (53.8)	0.41
Myocardial Infarction = Yes (%)*	0 (100.0)	0 (100.0)	1
Congestive Heart Failure = Yes (%)*	0 (100.0)	0 (100.0)	1
Angina = Yes (%)*	2 (16.7)	2 (16.7)	1
Asthma = Yes (%)*	2 (16.7)	4 (33.3)	0.64
Stroke = Yes (%)*	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1
Kidney Disease = Yes (%)*	0 (0.0)	2 (16.7)	0.46
Cancer = Yes (%)*	0 (0.0)	2 (16.7)	0.46
Chronic Lung Disease = Yes (%)*	2 (16.7)	4 (33.3)	0.64
Arthritis= Yes (%)*	5 (41.7)	4 (33.3)	1
Chronic Diseases (mean (sd))*	2.17 (1.75)	2.25 (1.60)	0.90

*Information for these illnesses were missing from one black and one white individual. Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze differences for categorical variables and Student’s t-test was used for the continuous variable.