Table 1.

Sample characteristics by race

	Overall N (%) or Mean (SD)	Whites N (%) or Mean (SD)	Blacks N (%) or Mean (SD)	p-value*
Individuals	9,605 (100%)	7,294 (75.9%)	2,311 (24.1%)
Dementia cases	2,922 (30.4%)	2,095 (28.7%)	827 (35.8%)
Number of stressors
Mean (SD)	0.35 (0.73)	0.34 (0.7)	0.40 (0.8)	<0.01
0 stressors	7,302 (76.0%)	5,619 (77.4%)	1,683 (72.8%)	<0.01
1 stressor	1527 (15.9%)	1,109 (15.2%)	418 (18.1%)	<0.01
2 stressors	551 (5.7%)	403 (5.5%)	148 (6.4%)	0.11
3 stressors	155 (1.6%)	115 (1.6%)	40 (1.7%)	0.61
≥4 stressors	70 (0.7%)	48 (0.7%)	22 (1.0%)	0.15
Type of Stressor
Marital problems**	625 (7.2%)	441 (6.7%)	184 (8.6%)	<0.01
Family problems	616 (6.4%)	478 (6.6%)	138 (6.0%)	0.32
Drug problems	26 (0.3%)	19 (0.3%)	7 (0.3%)	0.73
Employment problems	590 (6.1%)	454 (6.2%)	136 (5.9%)	0.55
Financial problems	650 (6.8%)	428 (5.9%)	221 (10.0%)	<0.01
Other problems	878 (9.1%)	639 (8.8%)	239 (10.3%)	0.02
Female	5385 (56.1%)	3988 (54.7%)	1397 (60.5%)	<0.01
Age at
MHC (mean (SD))	47.9 (4.2)	48.0 (4.2)	47.6 (4.2)	<0.01
1996	71.0 (4.2)	71.1 (4.2)	70.7 (4.2)	<0.01
Education
≤High School	3,302 (34.4%)	2,115 (29.0%)	1,187 (51.4%)	<0.01
Missing	22 (0.2%)	19 (0.3%)	3 (0.1%)	0.25
Midlife hypertension	4005 (41.7%)	2733 (37.5%)	1272 (55.0%)	<0.01
Midlife body mass index
Mean (SD)	26.4 (3.9)	26.1 (3.6)	27.6 (4.4)	<0.01
Missing	2,000 (20.8%)	1685 (23.1%)	315 (13.6%)	<0.01
Midlife smoking status
Current	2638 (27.5%)	1,943 (26.6%)	695 (30.1%)	<0.01
Past	2973 (31.0%)	2,369 (32.5%)	604 (26.1%)	<0.01
Never	3785 (39.4%)	2840 (38.9%)	945 (40.9%)	0.09
Missing	209 (2.2%)	142 (2.0%)	67 (2.9%)	0.01
Late-life stroke	261 (2.7%)	193 (2.7%)	68 (2.9%)	0.45
Late-life diabetes	1034 (10.8%)	579 (7.9%)	455 (19.7%)	<0.01
Late-life heart failure	370 (3.9%)	244 (3.4%)	126 (5.5%)	<0.01

^*p-value obtained from chi-square or t-test comparing proportions or means in Blacks vs Whites

^**Among individuals who are married, separated, or divorced