Table 2.
Regulatory mechanisms of human MAT genes and proteins
| MAT1A | MAT2A | MAT2B | |
| Transcriptional regulation | Glucocorticoids (+) | CpG hypomethylation (+) | AP-1 (+) |
| C/EBP (+) | Histone H4 acetylation (+) | NFκB (+) | |
| CpG hypermethylation (-) | c-MYB (+) | SIRT1 (+) | |
| Histone H4 deacetylation (-) | SP-1 (+) | ||
| c-MYC (-) | AP-1 (+) | ||
| MAFG (-) | NFκB (+) | ||
| c-MAF (-) | HIF1α (+) | ||
| PPARγ (-) | |||
| PPARβ (+) | |||
| HBx (+) | |||
| CREB (+) | |||
| Post-transcriptional regulation | AUF1 (-) | HuR (+) | HuR (+) |
| miR-485-3p (-) | Methylated-HuR (-) | miR-21-3p (+) | |
| miR-495 (-) | miR-21-3p (+) | ||
| miR-664 (-) | miR-34a (+) | ||
| miR-34b (+) | |||
| Post-translational regulation | Phosphorylation (-) | Phosphorylation (+) | Phosphorylation (+) |
| Nitrosylation (-) | Sumoylation (+) | GIT1 interaction (+) | |
| Oxidation (-) | Acetylation (-) | MATα2 interaction (+) | |
| MATβ interaction (+) |
(+): Positive regulation; (-): Negative regulation.