Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Aug 20;13:808. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00808

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2019 Mirza, Golden, Nikolic and Toumazou.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Different electrochemical methods (A) Amperometry: where a constant potential difference is applied between the working electrode (WE) and reference electrode (RE). The current between the WE and counter electrode (CE) is monitored as is an indication of the analyte concentration as the reaction progresses. (B) Cyclic Voltammetry: The potential difference between the WE, RE is changed periodically and the current between WE and CE is monitored. (C) Impedance Spectroscopy: Based on the modality, the impedance of an analyte is measured based on voltage applied between WE, RE and the current through CE. (D) Potentiometry: The potential difference between WE and RE is measured without applying any external potential difference.