TABLE 2.
Detailed characterization for participants that contributed data with standard deviations.
|
High risk |
Low risk (LR) | p-values | |||
| HR-ASD | HR-ATYP | HR-TYP | |||
| N | 12 | 26 | 63 | 23 | – |
| M:F | 10:2 | 18:8 | 27:36 | 13:10 | – |
| 15 months | |||||
| Age in mths (SD) | 14.83(1.03) | 14.88(1.03) | 14.92(0.94) | 15.04(0.88) | 0.834b |
| MSEL ELC1 | 82.17(10.55) | 93.04(14.88) | 97.69(11.96)a | 103.00(15.59)a | <0.001 |
| CDI words1 understood | 43.64(46.00) | 75.04(56.68) | 107.18(73.10)a | 102.70(74.89)a | 0.006b |
| 24 months | |||||
| Age in mths (SD) | 26.90(3.14) | 25.86(2.06) | 26.11(1.83) | 24.55(0.89)a | 0.002b |
| MSEL ELC2 | 79.25(20.28) | 94.71(23.32) | 104.34(15.41)a | 115.65(15.22)a | <0.001 |
| CDI words2 understood | 174.20(101.97) | 324.52(178.49) | 423.48(154.19)a | 476.30(125.62)a | <0.001 |
| 36 months | |||||
| N3 | 11 | 26 | 62 | 21 | – |
| Age in mths (SD) | 38.91(1.76) | 38.77(1.88) | 38.87(1.41) | 38.81(1.50) | 0.904b |
| MSEL ELC | 83.73(25.44) | 87.04(25.89) | 114.19(15.73)a | 119.57(15.46)a | <0.001 |
| ADI-social | 12.00(5.00) | 2.54(2.55)a | 1.48(2.01)a | 1.05(1.60)a | < 0.001b |
| ADI-communication | 11.73(4.41) | 3.81(3.92)a | 1.73(2.20)a | 0.48(1.12)a | < 0.001b |
| ADI-RRB | 5.36(2.73) | 0.92(1.29)a | 0.47(0.92)a | 0.10(0.30)a | < 0.001b |
| ADOS-social affect | 4.18(3.25) | 4.58(2.50) | 1.60(0.76)a | 2.76(2.05) | < 0.001b |
| ADOS-RRB | 6.36(1.63) | 4.85(2.68) | 3.34(2.34)a | 3.24(2.23)a | 0.001b |
| SRS total t-score | 68.18(12.67) | 48.52(10.11) | 45.34(8.66)a | 41.90(4.22)a | < 0.001b |
MSEL ELC Mullen Scales of Early Learning Early Learning Composite; CDI words understood (MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory) was derived by summing words understood only and words understood and spoken; ADI (The Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised), a structured parent interview; ADOS (The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule), a standardized observational assessment, values are calibrated severity scores; SRS (Social Responsiveness Scale), a parent questionnaire, the value reported is the total t-score. aIndicates significant differences with the HR-ASD group. bIndicates measures not normally distributed for which outcome group comparisons used the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis H test. 115 month Mullen is missing for 1 participant (HR-TYP); 15 month CDI is missing for 4 participants (1 HR-TYP, 2, HR-ATYP, 1 HR-ASD). 224 month Mullen is missing for 7 participants (2 HR-TYP, 4 HR-ATYP); 24 month CDI is missing for 17 participants (3 LR, 7 HR-TYP, 5 HR-ATYP, 2 HR-ASD). 3Four children whose data is included in analysis did not attend at 36 months: 2 LR; 1 HR sibling classified HR-TYP, 1 HR sibling classified HR-ASD (see section “Clinical Measures”).