Table 5.

Reported damage to local buildings and pagoda due to Mw 7.8, 23 May 1912 Shan earthquake, Myanmar. Approximated distance determined from rupture area proposed by Wang et al. [19]).

town	Rossi–Forel's (RF) scale	MMI scale	description
Mandalay (distance, 55 km)	IX [29,30]	VIII	—three-quarters of the masonry structures (Class A according to EMS) were damaged; there were five total collapses (Grade 5 according to EMS); 31 buildings were severely damaged (Grade 4 according to EMS) and 75 more or less cracked —witnesses declare that it was very difficult to stand during the main shock in Mandalay —nearly every pagoda in the city was damaged
Maymyo (distance, 15 km)	VIII [29,30]	≥VII	—all brick buildings (Class A according to EMS) suffered damage (Grade 4 according to EMS) with brick chimneys suffered heavy damage —several landslides occurred in the mountains —all pagodas were destroyed
Hsipaw (distance, 50 km)	VIII [29,30]	≥VII	—several masonry structures (Class A according to EMS) suffered heavy damage (Grade 4 according to EMS) with collapse of several chimneys —several liquefactions were observed —most Burmese and Shan pagodas were wholly or partially broken down
Toungoo (distance, 180 km)	VII [29,30]	V	—observed cracks inside several buildings, but not sufficient to cause even partial destruction of brick structures —few brick panels have fallen down, plaster has often fallen —old pagodas have had part of their tops carried away