Figure 2.

A framework for the contribution of behavioural ecology to population and community ecology and conservation. Behavioural ecological research can inform conservation policy and practice both directly by discoveries that advance our qualitative understanding of relationships in the system and by quantifying links that allow models of populations, communities and human–wildlife interactions to be constructed (GEI: gene-by-environment interactions; POLS: pace-of-life syndromes; SNA: social network analysis; ABM: agent-based models). (Online version in colour.)