Table 1.

Symbols and descriptions of the model parameters.

symbol	definition
q	number of offspring per brood in habitat h
m	number of broods per year
nSa	number of subadult stages
x	labels for adult breeder type, x = {nb, b, bs, bf}. Label nb identifies adults that skip breeding and label b indicates adult individuals that try to breed. In turn, the latter can be divided into those which breed successfully (labelled bs) or those which fail to do so (labelled bf)
y	labels for survival, y = {j, sa, nb, b}, where labels refer to juveniles, subadults, non-breeder and breeder adults, respectively
h	index for habitat type, h = {1, 2}
r	label for subadult stage, $r=\{r_1\cdots r_{n_{\mathrm{Sa}}}\}$
t	subindex for time steps, measured in years, t = {1 · · · 50}
$p_h^b$	probability for an individual to become a breeder (successful or not) in habitat h
$p_h^{b_f}$	probability of complete brood failure for a breeder in habitat h
$p_{h,s_y}$	probability of survival in habitat h for individuals of type Sy.
$p_{1\to 2}^x$ $p_{2\to 1}^x$	probability for an adult to move from habitat type 1 to 2, or vice versa
$p_{1\to 2}^r$ $p_{2\to 1}^r$	probability for a stage-r subadult to move from habitat type 1 to 2, or vice versa