Table 2.

Growth characteristics of kale immediately prior to UV treatment and 5 days of UV treatments (n = 4).

Time	Treatment	Shoot		Root		Leaf area (cm2)	Specific leaf weight (mg cm−2)
		Fresh weight (g)	Dry weight (g)	Fresh weight (g)	Dry weight (g)
Before treatment Z		4.18 ± 0.20y	0.31 ± 0.01	0.52 ± 0.05	0.03 ± 0.01	107.02 ± 5.31	0.0029
5 days of treatment	Control	7.19 ± 0.36bx	0.52 ± 0.03b	0.70 ± 0.07b	0.05 ± 0.01c	179.34 ± 6.74b	0.0029b
	370 nm	9.49 ± 0.56ab	0.83 ± 0.04a	1.09 ± 0.06b	0.09 ± 0.01b	207.52 ± 11.38b	0.0040a
	385 nm	11.39 ± 0.90a	1.03 ± 0.09a	1.57 ± 0.17a	0.12 ± 0.01a	255.97 ± 14.25a	0.0040a
	Significance	**	***	**	***	***	**

^zUV non-treated plant

^yData are presented as mean ± SE.

^xMean separation within columns by Tukey’s range test (HSD).

**, ***Significant at p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively.