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. 2019 Aug 14;2019:5174957. doi: 10.1155/2019/5174957

Figure 1.

Figure 1

NAC protects against t-BHP-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in RPE cells. RPE cells were treated with t-BHP (75 μM) for 3 hours with or without NAC (500 μM) pretreatment for 1 hour. The amount of ROS in (a) No AMD (n = 7) cells and (b) AMD (n = 7) cells was calculated relative to no treatment controls (dotted line). (c) ROS content after NAC treatment was compared between No AMD and AMD cells. (d) Percent increase (t-BHP—no treatment) of ROS in t-BHP-treated cells and (e) percent reduction (t-BHP—NAC+t-BHP) of ROS in NAC-pretreated cells were compared between No AMD and AMD donors. NA: No AMD; A: AMD. (f) mRNA expression of NOX family genes in No AMD (n = 7) and AMD (n = 8) cells was measured by real-time PCR. Results are fold change in expression relative to the average for No AMD samples (dotted line). (g) Expression of NOX family genes relative to housekeeping genes (dCt). One-sample t-tests were used to compare NAC treatment or t-BHP alone to no treatment in No AMD and AMD groups (a, b). Unpaired t-tests were used to compare t-BHP treatment to NAC + t-BHP treatment in (a, b). Unpaired t-tests were used to compare responses of No AMD and AMD in (c–e). Unpaired t-tests were used to compare basal expression of NOX genes in (f). One-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test was used to compare dCt values of NOX genes in (g). Data are the mean (±SEM). † denotes significance from the no treatment control, and ∗ denotes significance between conditions. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗∗ or ††† p < 0.001 were statistically significant. ǂ denotes significance in relative expression of NOX genes between No AMD and AMD groups. ∧ and ∨ denote significance between dCt values of NOX genes within No AMD or AMD groups.