Table 4.

Time Course of Echocardiographic Parameters

		PAP, n = 31	Non‐PAP, n = 70	P Value
IVS thickness, mm	Baseline	12.6 ± 2.1	11.4 ± 2.3	0.025
	6 months	11.8 ± 2.1a	11.4 ± 2.4
	Δ	−0.8 ± 1.1	−0.1 ± 1.1	0.001
LVEDD, mm	Baseline	50.6 ± 6.9	49.7 ± 9.3	0.608
	6 months	48.7 ± 7.3b	51.6 ± 8.9a
	Δ	−1.6 ± 4.2	1.8 ± 5.5	0.004
LVESD, mm	Baseline	34.0 ± 6.8	33.6 ± 8.7	0.909
	6 months	31.1 ± 8.1b	35.4 ± 8.1b
	Δ	−2.6 ± 6.6	1.6 ± 6.1	0.003
Posterior wall thickness, mm	Baseline	12.0 ± 1.7	11.5 ± 1.8	0.286
	6 months	10.9 ± 1.5a	11.4 ± 1.9
	Δ	−1.1 ± 1.1	−0.1 ± 1.3	<0.001
Relative wall thickness	Baseline	0.48 ± 0.09	0.48 ± 0.13	0.981
	6 months	0.46 ± 0.10	0.46 ± 0.12
	Δ	−0.02 ± 0.07	−0.03 ± 0.09	0.838
LVEF, %	Baseline	58.9 ± 6.8	59.5 ± 6.9	0.577
	6 months	61.4 ± 8.4b	57.5 ± 8.4b
	Δ	2.8 ± 5.8	−2.0 ± 8.4	0.005
LA volume, mL	Baseline	89.4 ± 44.8	90.2 ± 74.8	0.994
	6 months	63.9 ± 30.6a	107.2 ± 87.9a
	Δ	−25.9 ± 30.5	16.5 ± 39.7	<0.001
Mitral valve E′, cm/s	Baseline	5.5 ± 2.2	7.2 ± 2.9	0.006
	6 months	7.8 ± 3.3a	6.4 ± 2.2b
	Δ	2.4 ± 2.7	−0.8 ± 2.4	<0.001
Mitral valve E/E′	Baseline	15.2 ± 5.0	14.7 ± 7.1	0.498
	6 months	10.7 ± 4.1a	16.5 ± 9.4b
	Δ	−4.8 ± 3.7	1.8 ± 6.9	<0.001
Mitral regurgitation score	Baseline	1.1 ± 0.7	0.8 ± 0.8	0.130
	6 months	0.5 ± 0.7a	0.7 ± 0.8
	Δ	−0.6 ± 0.7	−0.1 ± 0.8	0.010
Inferior vena cava diameter, mm	Baseline	16.7 ± 5.9	16.8 ± 5.4	0.889
	6 months	13.0 ± 3.5a	17.1 ± 5.1
	Δ	−3.7 ± 4.7	0.3 ± 4.1	<0.001
Tricuspid regurgitation score	Baseline	0.9 ± 0.7	1.0 ± 0.8	0.658
	6 months	0.6 ± 0.6	0.9 ± 0.9
	Δ	−0.4 ± 0.8	−0.0 ± 0.8	0.073
TR‐PG, mm Hg	Baseline	31.1 ± 8.9	30.0 ± 13.5	0.571
	6 months	22.4 ± 7.8a	32.4 ± 13.6
	Δ	−8.8 ± 6.3	2.3 ± 10.1	<0.001
RV‐FAC, %	Baseline	36.0 ± 12.3	42.6 ± 10.5	0.028
	6 months	46.5 ± 11.2a	38.9 ± 10.9b
	Δ	10.3 ± 10.1	−3.4 ± 11.5	<0.001
Tricuspid valve S′, cm/s	Baseline	8.9 ± 2.1	8.9 ± 3.9	0.872
	6 months	11.1 ± 2.8b	8.8 ± 2.8
	Δ	2.1 ± 3.4	−0.1 ± 3.8	0.062
Tricuspid valve E/E′	Baseline	7.8 ± 4.5	6.3 ± 2.6	0.262
	6 months	5.1 ± 2.2b	9.0 ± 6.9b
	Δ	−2.8 ± 4.0	2.5 ± 6.1	0.008

Abbreviations: IVS, interventricular septum; LA, left atrial; LVEDD, left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricular end‐systolic dimension; mitral valve E/E′, a ratio of the peak transmitral velocity during early diastole to the peak mitral valve annular velocity during early diastole; RV‐FAC, right ventricular fractional area change; tricuspid valve E/E′, ratio of the peak transtricuspid velocity during early diastole to the peak tricuspid valve annular velocity during early diastole; tricuspid valve S′, Doppler‐derived tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity; TR‐PG, tricuspid valve regurgitation pressure gradient.

^a P < 0.01 vs baseline.

^b P < 0.05.