Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics (N = 4543)
| Characteristic | ECG‐LVH, n = 168 | No ECG‐LVH, n = 4375 | P Valuea | Echo‐LVH, n = 226 | No Echo LVHn = 4317 | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 0.044 | 0.20 | ||||
| 65–70 | 60 (36) | 1985 (45) | 117 (52) | 1928 (45) | ||
| 71–74 | 41 (24) | 1040 (24) | 47 (21) | 1034 (24) | ||
| 75–80 | 45 (27) | 956 (22) | 42 (19) | 959 (22) | ||
| >80 | 22 (13) | 94 (9) | 20 (9) | 396 (9) | ||
| Male sex | 46 (27) | 1801 (41) | 0.0004 | 93 (41) | 1754 (41) | 0.88 |
| White race | 121 (72) | 3761 (86) | <0.0001 | 126 (56) | 3756 (87) | <0.0001 |
| Education high school or less | 98 (58) | 2502 (57) | 0.77 | 148 (65) | 2452 (57) | 0.010 |
| Income < $25 000/year | 112 (67) | 2752 (63) | 0.32 | 163 (72) | 2701 (63) | 0.0037 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27 (4) | 26 (4) | 0.030 | 32 (3.7) | 26 (4) | <0.0001 |
| Current or former smoker | 70 (42) | 2338 (53) | 0.0027 | 114 (50) | 2294 (53) | 0.43 |
| DM | 40 (24) | 643 (15) | 0.0012 | 74 (33) | 609 (14) | <0.0001 |
| Heart rate, bpm, mean (SD) | 69 (12) | 68 (11) | 0.53 | 69 (12) | 68 (11) | 0.29 |
| SBP, mm Hg, mean (SD) | 153 (24) | 139 (20) | <0.0001 | 148 (22) | 139 (20) | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 215 (39) | 213 (39) | 0.53 | 206 (37) | 213 (39) | 0.010 |
| HDL‐C, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 54 (16) | 55 (16) | 0.19 | 50 (14) | 55 (16) | <0.0001 |
| Medication use | ||||||
| Antihypertensives | 108 (64) | 1911 (44) | <0.0001 | 147 (65) | 1872 (43) | <0.0001 |
| Statin | 3 (2) | 104 (2) | 0.62 | 3 (1) | 104 (2) | 0.30 |
| Aspirin | 59 (35) | 1426 (33) | 0.49 | 79 (35) | 1406 (33) | 0.46 |
| Log(hs‐CRP), mg/L, mean (SD) | 1.2 (1) | 0.91 (1) | 0.0020 | 1.5 (1) | 0.88 (1) | <0.0001 |
| CHD | 37 (22) | 642 (15) | 0.0087 | 56 (25) | 623 (14) | <0.0001 |
| Valve disease | 12 (7) | 221 (5) | 0.23 | 15 (7) | 218 (5) | 0.29 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; ECG‐LVH, electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy; echo‐LVH, echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs‐CRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation.
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
a
Statistical significance for continuous data was tested using Wilcoxon rank sum procedure and categorical data was tested using the χ2 test.