Figure 2.

Simulation protocol. (a) Simulations begin by defining the spatial extent of the reservoir (light grey) and recipient (dark grey) hosts. A single infected individual is introduced into two reservoir host cells (b), with the structure of the subsequent epidemic determined by epidemic growth rate and host movement propensities. (c) The pathogen can then stochastically spill over to the recipient host in cells occupied by both host species (reservoir shown in grey; recipient in colour), at a rate determined by the interspecific contact rate and the pathogen's prevalence in the local reservoir host population. Management (here, retroactive vaccination of the recipient host) can alter the epidemic's progression in both host species (d,e). Management actions are compared in terms of their ability to minimize the epidemic's spatial extent in the recipient or reservoir host, and minimize the total number of recipient or reservoir host cases. Variation generated by manipulating spatial structure, local epidemic dynamics and management efficacy are shown in electronic supplementary material, figures S2–S4, respectively.