TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population
| Recurrence-free group (n = 272) |
Recurrence group (n = 17) |
P value |
Distant metastasis-free group (n = 277) |
Distant metas- tasis group (n = 12) |
P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics value |
|||||||
| Age (years) | 49 (30–80) | 45 (37–63) | 0.14 | 49 (30–80) | 50 (37–63) | 0.80 | |
| Menopause | 0.12 | 0.44 | |||||
| Premenopausal | 149 (54.8) | 13 (76.5) | 154 (55.6) | 8 (66.7) | |||
| Postmenopausal | 123 (45.2) | 4 (23.5) | 123 (44.4) | 4 (33.3) | |||
| Pathology | 0.52 | 0.70 | |||||
| Invasive ductal carcinoma | 224 (82.4) | 13 (76.5) | 226 (81.6) | 11 (91.7) | |||
| Other invasive carcinoma | 48 (17.6) | 4 (23.5) | 51 (18.4) | 1 (8.3) | |||
| Invasive tumor size (mm) | 15 (6–60) | 20 (10–40) | 0.004 | 15 (6–60) | 21 (10–35) | 0.02 | |
| Histologic grade | 0.29 | 0.69 | |||||
| Grade 1/2 | 232 (85.6) | 13 (76.5) | 235 (85.1) | 10 (83.3) | |||
| Grade 3 | 39 (14.4) | 4 (23.5) | 41 (14.9) | 2 (16.7) | |||
| Lymphovascular invasion | 0.07 | 0.34 | |||||
| Yes | 25 (9.3) | 4 (23.5) | 27 (9.8) | 2 (16.7) | |||
| No | 245 (90.7) | 13 (76.5) | 248 (90.2) | 10 (83.3) | |||
| Ki-67 levela | <0.001 | 0.03 | |||||
| Low | 181 (66.8) | 4 (23.5) | 181 (65.6) | 4 (33.3) | |||
| High | 90 (33.2) | 13 (76.5) | 95 (34.4) | 8 (66.7) | |||
| Surgical method | 0.002 | 0.02 | |||||
| Breast conserving surgery | 204 (75%) | 7 (41.2%) | 206 (74.4) | 5 (41.7) | |||
| Total mastectomy | 68 (25%) | 10 (58.8%) | 71 (25.6) | 7 (58.3) | |||
| Radiation therapy | 0.18 | 0.06 | |||||
| Yes | 186 (68.4) | 9 (52.9) | 190 (68.6) | 5 (41.7) | |||
| No | 86 (31.6) | 8 (47.1) | 87 (31.4) | 7 (58.3) | |||
| Adjuvant endocrine therapy | N/A | N/A | |||||
| Yes | 272 (100) | 17 (100) | 277 (100) | 12 (100) | |||
| No | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 0.11 | 0.10 | |||||
| Yes | 139 (51.1) | 12 (70.6) | 142 (51.3) | 9 (75.0) | |||
| No | 133 (48.9) | 5 (29.4) | 135 (48.7) | 3 (25.0) | |||
| FGT density | |||||||
| Almost entirely fat / scattered FGT | 84 (94.4) | 5 (5.6) | 0.89 | 84 (94.4) | 5 (5.6) | 0.52 | |
| Heterogeneous FGT / extreme FGT | 188 (94.0) | 12 (6.0) | 0.89 | 193 (96.5) | 7 (3.5) | 0.52 | |
| Qualitative BPE | |||||||
| Minimal / Mild | Reader 1 | 198 (93.8) | 13 (6.2) | >0.99 | 201 (95.3) | 10 (4.7) | 0.52 |
| Reader 2 | 172 (94.0) | 11 (6.0) | 0.90 | 173 (94.5) | 10 (5.5) | 0.22 | |
| Moderate / Marked | Reader 1 | 74 (94.9) | 4 (5.1) | >0.99 | 76 (97.4) | 2 (2.6) | 0.52 |
| Reader 2 | 100 (94.3) | 6 (5.7) | 0.90 | 104 (98.1) | 2 (1.9) | 0.22 | |
| Quantitative BPE | |||||||
| Early enhancement rate | Reader 1 | 38.10 (2.73–133.91) | 41.16 (9.53–116.58) | 0.81 | 38.45 (2.73–133.91) | 36.50 (9.53–116.58) | 0.66 |
| Reader 2 | 32.46 (3.33–146.04) | 41.20 (4.94–78.86) | 0.61 | 32.69 (3.33–146.04) | 37.98 (4.94–78.86) | 0.99 | |
| Delayed enhancement rate | Reader 1 | 57.44 (−5.26–212) | 64.28 (11.58–158.52) | 0.51 | 58.57 (−5.26–212.00) | 61.36 (11.58–158.52) | 0.86 |
| Reader 2 | 50.27 (−24.43–176.69) | 64.10 (10.16–104.75) | 0.69 | 50.41 (−24.43–176.69) | 66.04 (10.16–104.75) | 0.97 | |
| Late enhancement | Reader 1 | 0.28 (−0.27–1.03) | 0.30 (0.08–0.51) | 0.56 | 0.28 (−0.26–1.03) | 0.29 (0.08–0.51) | 0.92 |
| Reader 2 | 0.25 (−0.34–0.86) | 0.25 (0.09–0.49) | 0.91 | 0.25 (−0.34–0.86) | 0.29 (0.09–0.49) | 0.92 | |
| SER | Reader 1 | 68.25 (−1220.78–148.34) | 63.26 >(54.80–83.00) | 0.22 | 67.89 (−1220.76–148.34) | 63.65 (54.80–83.00) | 0.37 |
| Reader 2 | 0.65 (−1.54–1.14) | 0.65 (0.49–0.85) | 0.91 | 0.65 (−1.54–1.14) | 0.65 (0.49–0.76) | 0.67 | |
| LE90+ | 0.75 (0.22–172.66) | 0.81 (0.55–83.71) | 0.28 | 0.75 (0.22–172.66) | 0.82 (0.58–83.71) | 0.20 | |
Numeric data are presented as median with range in parentheses. Nonnumeric data are presented as numbers of patients with percentages in parentheses.
FGT, fibroglandular tissue; BPE, background parenchymal enhancement; SER, signal enhancement ratio; LE90+, mean of the top 10% of late enhancement.
a
Low; <14, High; ≥14.