Fig. A2.

Illustration of neural response as an exponential decay. Left: the neural response under the default prior of a = −0.5Hz to an instantaneous input at time zero. Also plotted are the corresponding neural time constant ${\tau }_n$ and half-life. Middle: The resulting prior over time constant ${\tau }_n$ in the absence of modulation. The median is ${\tau }_n=2$ seconds with 90% credible interval [1.63s 2.46s]. Right: The prior over ${\tau }_n$ in the presence of modulation. The median is ${\tau }_n=2$ seconds with 90% credible interval [0.38s 10.49s]. Dashed lines in the middle and right panels show the median.